Documents Show Internal Qualms at Rating Agencies
By SEWELL CHAN
Published: April 22, 2010
WASHINGTON — … A Senate panel will
release 550 pages of exhibits on Friday —
including these and other internal messages — at a hearing scrutinizing the
role S.& P. and the ratings agency Moody’s Investors Service played in the
2008 financial crisis. … The investigation, which began in November 2008, found that S.& P. AND MOODY’S USED INACCURATE
RATING MODELS IN 2004-7that failed to
predict how high-risk residential mortgages would perform;ALLOWED COMPETITIVE PRESSURES TO AFFECT THEIR
RATINGS; and failed to reassess past
ratings after improving their models in 2006. …
Credit rating firms criticised over financial crisis Friday, 23 April 2010
Senators say the rating agencies’ analysis was not robust enough
The behaviour of two credit rating agencies in the run-up to the financial
crisis has been criticised by US senators following an investigation.
The Senate committee said MOODY’S
AND STANDARD & POOR’S INSTILLED "UNWARRANTED HIGH CONFIDENCE" IN
CERTAIN RISKY FINANCIAL PRODUCTS.
It also said that THEY WERE INFLUENCED
BY THE BANKS THAT PAID THEIR FEES. …
If you’re looking for someone to blame in
the collapse of the global economy, one popular punching bag is the
credit ratings agencies. Firms like
Moody’s, Fitch and Standard and Poor’s are supposed to let investors know
whether bonds are particularly risky or relatively safe. Ratings agencies gave their
triple-A rating, the highest ranking, to many bonds backed by home mortgages— the same bonds we now call toxic assets.
Grouping those bonds among the safest investments allowed trillions of dollars
to flow into the housing market, which in turn created the housing bubble.
It’s hard to overstate the ratings
agencies’ role in the worldwide financial system. They’ve been around for a century, assigning a letter
grade to everything from railroads to school districts, even entire countries.
…
Those Marvelous Ratings
Jim Finkel also wondered about THOSE
COMPUTER MODELS AND THE RATINGS THEY HELPED PRODUCE. He works for a company called Dynamic Credit and helped
put together complex bonds called collateralized debt obligations, which were
made up of mortgages. Finkel profited from the AAA ratings, but he says the ratings agencies’ blessings seemed too good to be
true.
"They should have just said, ‘You know what? We just don’t have enough
information about this stuff to ascribe a rating to it,’ " he says. "There were ratings that we saw that made no sense
to us.WE
MARVELED AT THE RATINGS THAT ALL OF THESE CDO PRODUCTS GOT." …
FALSE NARRATIVE:Wall Street greed created the financial crisis and lack of
oversight by the federal government allowed it to spread.
Calling Out the Culprits Who Caused the Crisis By Eric D. Hovde Sunday, September 21, 2008
Looking for someone to blame for the
shambles in U.S. financial markets? As someone
who owns both an investment bank and commercial banks, and also runs a hedge
fund, I have sat front and center and watched as this mess unfolded. And in my
view, there’s no need to look beyond
Wall Street — and the halls of power in Washington. The former has
created the nightmare by chasing obscene profits, and the latter have ALLOWED
IT TO SPREAD BY NOT PRACTICING THE OVERSIGHT THAT IS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT’S
RESPONSIBILITY.
…
——————————–
THE REALITY: Up until 1994, Rating agencies were extremely
conservative in their estimates (ie: their estimates were accurate). However, RTC (created to take over failing thrifts) and FDIC, in
an effort to sell billions in toxic mortgage-backed securities, devised their
own overly optimistic method estimating defaults. Inaccurate rating
models came straight from the federal government, and rating agencies
adopted them because they didn’t have a choice.
After the savings and loan crisis, the FDIC conducted a study on the
challenges faced by the FDIC and the RTC in resolving troubled banks and thrifts
during the financial crisis of the 1980s and early 1990s. The result was
a two book publication, Managing the Crisis.
Securitization Process and Participants …The rating agencies have
developed loan loss modelsto estimate the required level
of loss protection for a securitized mortgage loan pool. They use the Great Depression as a benchmark to estimate the
level of losses that may occur if a mortgage pool is subjected to stressful
economic conditions. Cash flow scenarios are run that subject a
pool of mortgages to “stress tests” for which losses and delinquencies are
assumed to be two to three times greater than
the losses experienced in the Great Depression. The rating
agencies monitor the performance of the transaction over time and adjust credit
ratings as appropriate.
… Securitization
During the structuring process for the first RTC securitization transaction,
the issue of whether to include delinquent loans (loans for which payments were
more than 30 days late) in the pool arose. The
industry standard is to exclude delinquent loanswhen forming a collateral pool for any new
offering of mortgage securities. … the RTC decided
to include loans that were up to 89 days delinquent in the sale pool. THIS
WAS THE FIRST TIME MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIZATION TRANSACTIONS HAD INCLUDED
DELINQUENT LOANS.
… Commercial Securitization The RTC has been credited with EXPANDING AND
EDUCATING THE MARKETPLACE BY CREATING UNIQUE AND COMPLEX SECURITIZATION
STRUCTURES TO SELL ITS COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE LOANS. … The commercial securitizations that were completed before
1990were private placements
issued by commercial banks and life insurance companies. STRUCTURES WERE SIMPLE, … Because the
collateral involved only a few properties,the
analysis of these transactions was very detailed and “property specific.”
… The RTC’s commercial loan portfolio was originated by savings and loan
institutions in the 1980s… Consequently, the
quality and integrity of the mortgage loans suffered. … The loans were
originated by multiple lenders, loan documents were missing, and, in some cases
real estate taxes and insurance premiums were in arrears … These characteristics, coupled with generally lower quality real
estate,resulted in the highest CREDIT
ENHANCEMENT levels ever assessed by rating agencies for commercial loan
securitized pools. … Many of the early RTC transactions
DID NOT ALLOW THE SERVICER MUCH FLEXIBILITY TO WORK OUT DELINQUENT LOANS.
… In response to this scarcity of information, the
RTC created the Portfolio Performance Report (PPR) to provide monthly information to investors… The
report became an industry standard… AlthoughHIGH
NUMBERS OF DELINQUENCIES AND LOSSES WERE INITIALLY ANTICIPATED BY THE RATING
AGENCIES, these transactions have performed better than expectedbecause of the high level of prepayment activity
(many loans were paid in full before their scheduled maturity date). The successful performance of the RTC securities
WAS A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR IN THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF THIS
MARKET. Large commercial banks are now underwriting and
originating commercial mortgage loansspecifically
for securitization.
… The collateral security agreements,
which govern the administration of the cash reserves, contain
language that automatically allows a reduction in the reserve fund… if the rating agencies… confirm that …such
a reduction would not adversely affect the rating on the certificates. As
of June 30, 1997, THE NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE
RATING AGENCIESunder that
alternative HAD RESULTED IN THE RETURN OF
$709 MILLION OF CREDIT RESERVE FUNDS TO THE FDIC.
… In December 1991, to accurately assess the risk exposure for
securitization transactions, the RTC established a
loss allowance for credit reserve funds for each transaction on the basis
of Moody’s actual loss experience for similar types of transactions.
This approach provided a good initial methodology for calculating realized
losses. From 1992 through 1994, actual losses were
compared to estimated losses; IT WAS DISCOVERED THAT LOSS ESTIMATES
NEEDED TO BE REVISEDbecause Moody’s methodology had no mechanism
for changing estimates and no provision to incorporate actual loss experience.
… … Given … the need to accurately determine risk exposure, the RTC devised a method to project each transaction
termination date and to estimate realized losses.A MODEL WAS DEVELOPED… At the time of the closing, loss
estimates for each securitization were provided by the RTC-FDIC financial
adviser and by the rating agencies. … In May 1996, the FDIC
compared actual and expected loss estimates from the various sources. The comparison showed that THE RATING AGENCIES WERE
EXTREMELY CONSERVATIVE IN THEIR ESTIMATES… For example, rating agency-expected losses…AVERAGED
APPROXIMATELY 29 PERCENT, theFDIC
model loss estimatesAVERAGED 12 PERCENT; …
What is the “cost” of federal deficits? The question is important because,
since 1980s, the US government and the media have been claiming that "deficits
don’t matter." There are no negative consequences to massive federal
overspending (such as the 2010
$1.29 trillion budget deficit). We can spend our way to prosperity.
However, common sense tells us that
government deficits must have a cost. If that were not the case,
we could eliminate all taxes, and run the entire government on money printing
and borrowing.
This is problematic because, if deficits didn’t magically “stop mattering” as
the government claims, the implication is fraud. Pointing out a major
government fraud today has become nearly impossible, because all government
fraud is, by definition, a conspiracy. Since conspiracies get a bad name,
mentioning any “government fraud” triggers a negative reaction, even for
those frauds already proven true.
To fight this automatic loss of credibility, this article will be using Google
Archive News to provide links to thousands of articles on
controversial subject of past government frauds (as an example, see Google
Archive results for CIA
MK-ULTRA).
Also, before examining how deficits "stopped mattering" in the 1980s,
the reason why rational people believe in conspiracy must be mentioned.
Why rational people believe in conspiracy
For a reasonable person to believe in conspiracy, all that is necessary is an
impossible situation and group of people claiming there is no rational
explanation (“It’s magic!”). Below are three examples:
1) Physically impossible. Claiming supernatural powers, gurus,
shamans, yogis, spirit mediums, and others have been levitating themselves for
centuries ( see Indian
levitation secret revealed by BBC ). This defies the laws of gravity and is
physically impossible.
2) Statistically impossible. Through bull and bear markets,
month-after-month, year after year, Bernie Madoff’s investment fund produced
consistent returns (down only 3 months out of 87 months). Madoff was earning
82% of the S&P 500′s return with less than 22% of the risk which, as
financial analyst-whistleblower Harry Markopolos pointed out, is "the
equivalent of a Major League Baseball player batting .966 and no one suspecting
a cheat." Madoff’s returns were statistically impossible,
and the obvious, rational reaction would be to suspect fraud. ( See how the
government missed Madoff’s crime for decades )
3) Logically impossible. Last year, the USDA reported record harvests
while also declaring disaster areas across half the Midwest because of
catastrophic crop losses. To eliminate any doubt that this could have been an
innocent mistake, the USDA was even predicting record harvests in the
same states (Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Alabama) where it had declared
virtually all counties to have experienced 30 percent production losses. In
an article last December ( 2010
Food Crisis for Dummies ), I pointed out that this was logically
impossible ( for a recent update on the situation, see Food
Crisis Fears Grow As Corn Prices Surge )
Magic VS Conspiracy
When a group of people (yogis in India, Madoff and his auditors, the USDA,
etc) are claiming the impossible, a rational individual will suspect that they
are lying, and a group of people lying together is called a conspiracy.
Speculating on the actual explanation for impossible events (ie: those
impossible profits mean Madoff is running a ponzi scheme) is called “engaging
in conspiracy theories.”
Now on to how deficits magically “stop mattering.”
WHEN DEFICITS STILL MATTERED
Prior to 1980, the world was simple and it made sense. When
the government ran deficits, the Federal Reserve then would print money to pay
for them. This money printing would cause inflation, and inflation would push
up interest rates. The whole process was captured in the simple equation
below.
In the graph below, you can clearly see the link between deficits and money
printing. Notice how every time the US runs a deficit (blue line) the money
supply grows (yellow line).
Deficits = Money Printing
The next graph shows the link between government deficits and inflation
pre1980. Notice the surges in inflation (yellow line) after each major
deficit (blue line).
Deficits = INFLATION
Lastly, the graph below shows how inflation and interest rates move together.
INFLATION = HIGHER INTEREST RATES
The relationship between deficits and inflation was well understood
Try searching Google Archive News for deficit
spending inflation and read any of the millions of article
written before 1980. You might be surprised to see how universally the deficits/inflation
link was accepted. Articles claiming “deficits don’t cause inflation” were the
lunatic fringe. Below are a sample of the articles stating the common sense
link between deficits and inflation.
Deficits Create Inflation Spokesman-Review – Google News Archive – Jan 25, 1979
That the consumer price index is up about 9 percent from a year ago brings
to mind two questions: How did we get
in such a mess? And, how do we get out?
The first question IS EASY TO
ANSWER. We are in a mess
because the government spends
more than it takes in every year and must print extra money to make up the
deficit.
The second question is a little more complicated. … No magic wands will do the trick. … the best way
to solve the problem is to slow the rate of growth in the money supply.This can be accomplished ONLY BY CLOSING THE GOVERNMENT DEFICIT.
…
Dollar’s
Convertibility into Gold Could Be Restored, But… Evening Independent – Google News Archive -
Mar 12, 1980
DR. RONALD CAIROLL
… The more money these deficits created,the lower was its value. The less
it was worth, the more severe was the inflation. The
law of supply and demand made this INEVITABLE. …
Shifting
Policies Have Sometimes Deepened Unemployment, Heightened inflation Lakeland Ledger – Google News Archive -
May 11, 1980 By Edward Cowan
…
In the view entertained by Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, many other
politicians, and many voters, EVERY DEFICIT IS
INFLATIONARY. …
…
In the 1970’s … inflation has been driven largely
by … THE PERSISTENCE OF FEDERAL
DEFICITS. …
The Old “Politics Of Inflation”
The connection between deficits and inflation is what shaped the debate
about federal budget in the pre1980 era. On one hand you hand
pressures from every direction for government spending, and on the other you
hand the threat of inflation forcing restraint. Below are two of many articles
demonstrating this painful political balancing act.
Spenders
All Montreal Gazette – Google News Archive – Nov
10, 1958
President Eisenhower’s main declaration
after the defeat of his party in the mid-term elections was that he would fight THE INFLATION THAT COMES THROUGH TOO
MUCH GOVERNMENT SPENDING. He will take his stand against the
spenders. “The Lord sparing me,” he said, “I
am going to fight this as hard as I know.”
It is, in every way, a worthy declaration. But the difficulty is that his own record in office is one of big spending and heavy
deficits —THE SORT OF
FINANCING THAT HAS MADE FOR INFLATION. …
…
Nobody questions the sincerity of the President’s declarations regarding
economy. He is convinced that HEAVY
GOVERNMENT SPENDING IS HELPING TO RUIN EVERYBODY’S DOLLARS. …
President Eisenhower, like the heads of so
many nations in the world, finds that the
pressures for spending come from so many peoples and groups that it is
politically impossible to refuse them. …
… Why is it, then, that
people keep making these demands upon governments, WHEN THEY KNOW THAT
THEY ARE WEAKEN THE BUYING POWER OF THEIR DOLLARS WHEN THEY DO SO? …
The
Politics Of Inflation Spokesman-Review – Google News Archive – Oct
8, 1967
JOSEPH KRAFF
WASHINGTON — Watching the last inning of the first game of the World Series,
President Johnson pulled from his pocket a slip of paper showing the steady rise of interest rates over the last year.
That slip of paper expresses THE TRUE MEANING
OF THE FIGHT IN THE CONGRESS OVER THE PRESIDENT’S PROPOSED TAX INCREASE.
Basically, the Republicans are trying to delay action on the program to the
point that assures a stiff dose of inflation certain to be blamed on the Democrats.
To understand what this is all about, it is first necessary to develop a sense
of the way the country lines up around the proposal for a tax increase. The overwhelming evidence is that most of the country is
bitterly against the tax rise.
The one big exception is the business
community. Having been won
over to the new economics in the last few years, business
leaders have declared themselves almost UNANIMOUS FOR HIGHER TAXES AS AN
ANTI-INFLATIONARY MEASURE.
…
They [Republicans] are beginning to tick of
more in sorrow than in anger the numerous
warnings they have issued to the administration on the matter of inflation. …
Behind this emphasis is an obvious tactic. The Republicans believe they can now
head off a tax increase until next year. By
that time it will probably be TOO LATE TO DAMP DOWN INFLATIONARY FORCES.
And so Republicans are getting ready to tag the
Democrats with blame for THE HEAVY DOSE OF INFLATION that is on the way.
Notice how everyone back in 1958 and 1967 knew that deficits
had an immediate, real cost. There was none of this nonsense
of “passing the cost to future generation”. The price of federal deficit
spending was pay by the dollar’s loss of purchasing power over the subsequent 2
to 3 years.
In fact, the very idea of deficits “not mattering” used to be ridiculed… Why
Shouldn’t We Spend?
Let’s
Get Rich
Why Shouldn’t We Spend? Ocala Star-Banner – Google News Archive – Jan 19, 1965
R HENRY J. TAYLOR
[This is one of the articles which has
disappeared from Google Archive News. Click
here to see image of article.] If President Johnson is right (and we are
safe) in all the spending he’s proposing, what’re we waiting for? Why don’t we just double the national debt and everybody
get rich?
… Anyone can promise to speed up the printing
presses and build up our debt. This brings happiness and
security? Governments that overspend FACE GLOBAL AND
EPIDEMICAL FORCES from the outside thatNO AMOUNT OF MYSTIC THEORY CAN AVOID OR KICK DOWNSTAIRS INTO THE
DEEPFREEZE. …
AND THEN DEFICITS STOPPED MATTERING…
In 1981, the government declared that there was “no
direct or indirect connection between deficits and inflation” and that
deficits “don’t matter”.
Caught in a Riptide of Red Ink TIME -
Dec 21, 1981
By Walter Isaacson; David Beckwith; Neil MacNeil
… Weidenbaum and other Administration officials tried, somewhat implausibly, to downplay
the traditional Republican view that DEFICITS LEAD TO SPIRALING PRICES."There
is no direct or indirect connection between deficits and inflation," CEA Member William Niskanen told a stunned audience at a seminar sponsored by the conservative American
Enterprise Institute. The
Administration’s NEW CONTENTION that deficits need not
inhibit business expansion seems shaky at best. …
Democrats ridiculed the Republican revisionism. Said House Budget Committee Chairman Jim Jones: "If
someone in the Carter Administration had said that cumulative three-year deficits of $400 billion DON’T
MATTER, Republicans would
have called for his impeachment." …
With the threat of inflation
declared dead, the US proceeded to run massive budget
deficits…
…AND IT WORKED — MAGICALLY
After 1980, the old, common sense formula underwent a drastic change:
The link between deficits and inflation was broken. When the US ran massive
deficits in the early 1980s, inflation fell.
Deficits = NO INFLATION?
Although the inflation and interest rates came down, the first part of the
formula remained the same. The government never stopped printing money
to finance its massive deficits. Deficits = Money Printing
What did change was that this printed money stopped producing inflation
and pushing up interest, as seen below in the chart below. Money Printing = FALLING
INFLATION? = LOWER INTEREST
RATES?
Amazing isn’t it? After 1980, no more painful budget decision
making: the US could now print all the money it wanted without any inflationary
consequences! Deficits stopped mattering.
THE MEDIA’S REACTION: IT’S DISINFLATION
The media reacted to the new phenomenon (of massive deficits and falling
inflation) by labeling it disinflation and predicting that it would
continue for a very long time.
(As for questions like WHY did interest rates
enter into a thirty year downward trend or how the hell does this
disinflation thing work, those questions have never been answered,
either by the US government or the media.)
Disinflation
is here to stay Montreal Gazette – Google News Archive – Sep
11, 1984
By Hugh Anderson
What’s the connection between the falling
price of gold, the stable price of oil and the soaring U.S. dollar?
And should you care?
The connection is summed up in A WORD YOU’RE
GOING TO BE HEARING A LOT MORE FREQUENTLY IN THE ECONOMIC NEWS.
It’s DISINFLATION, …
…
Until quite recently THE MAJORITY VIEW AMONG
FINANCIAL EXPERTS was that the
return of booming economic conditions in the U.S. would inevitably bring
A POWERFUL RESURGENCE OF INFLATION ALONG WITH IT.
On this view, the 1980’s were to be a rerun of the
1970s, only worse. THINGS DON’T SEEM TO BE WORKING OUT THAT WAY…
… taking upswings and down-swings into account, INFLATION
WILL PROBABLY BE IN A DOWNWARD TREND, which is the essence of
what’s meant by disinflation.
…
There is no official explanation to why deficits and money
printing stopped causing inflation. The treasury’s position on the matter
is simply that "deficits don’t matter." They used to
cause inflation, and now they don’t. Never mind that this defies all laws of
economics and common sense. As the media continues to report, IT’S DISINFLATION.
IT’S MAGIC.
There is no official explanation to why deficits and money
printing stopped causing inflation. The treasury’s position on the matter
is simply that "deficits don’t matter." They used to cause
inflation, and now they don’t. Never mind that this defies all laws of
economics and common sense. As the media continues to report, IT’S
DISINFLATION. IT’S MAGIC.
MAGIC OR CONSPIRACY?
The US government in 1981 declared “deficits don’t matter” and then ran massive
deficits without causing inflation. This is the equivalent of an African
shaman declaring he has mystical powers and then levitating himself in a ring
of fire (watch
video). Confronted with governments/shamans claiming to defy the economic/physical laws of the universe, the alternatives involve believing in the magic (gravity and deficits “don’t matter”) or looking for the fraud.
For everyone who suspects that the government and the press are lying about deficits “not mattering”, read on for an explanation that doesn’t involve magic.
THE CONSPIRACY THAT ENDED INFLATION
As mentioned above, the government never stopped printing money in the 1980s.
What happened was the government’s money printing stopped causing inflation.
This leads to the question:
HOW DO YOU PRINT MONEY WITHOUT CAUSING INFLATION?
It is possible to print billions without causing inflation if those billions
never enter the country’s domestic money supply. For example, if the
government prints 1 billion dollars and then that 1 billion disappears
overseas, there would be no inflation because the amount of dollars in America
remains unchanged. This is exactly what happened in the 1980s.
Fed
admits dollars disappearing Star-News – Google News Archive – Feb 11, 1986
WASHINGTON — A lot of U.S. greenbacks
can’t be accounted for.
A study has concluded that $136 billion in U.S.
currency — 88 PERCENT OF THE TOTAL
CIRCULATION — IS MISSING.
In a comprehensive look at personal money-handling habits, Federal Reserve
Board economists concluded that individuals over
age 18 are holding $18 billion in U.S. coins and cash. That is about $100 per
person.
That is, however, only 12 percent of the $153.9 billion of cash supposedly in circulation.WHERE IS THE REST?
…
Other studies have speculated that as much as
one-third to two-thirds of U.S. currency winds up in foreign hands.
The Fed economists … speculated that a big
part of the money is, indeed, being
used by foreigners who would rather deal in the stable U.S. currency than in
their own currencies.
“We do know thatTHERE ARE SOME VERY LARGE
SHIPMENTS OF U.S. CURRENCY GOING OFFSHORE TO VARIOUS DESTINATIONS AROUND THE
WORLD,” Spindt [Federal Reserve
economist] said.
THIS MONEY OFTEN ENDS UP IN AREAS WITH HIGH
INFLATION RATES. In some Latin American nations, for instance, the citizens exchange local currency on the black market
for dollars as a hedge against their own currency’s being devalued. …
The Mystery of the Missing Currency
… when the Fed has attempted … to find out how much currency was actually
circulating, some 80 percent of
the currency thought to be in circulation had simply disappeared. Efforts to locate this missing money have focused particularly on
“exports” of U.S. dollars:money that HAS LEFT OUR SHORES and NOW
CIRCULATES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. … … WHAT THIS MEANS AT A MINIMUM, this suggests thatTHE MONEY SUPPLY IS MUCH LOWER THAN PUBLISHED DATA INDICATE.Economist Case Sprenkle of the University of Illinois
argues: “Since foreign-held currency
is not a medium of exchange for the issuing country, … The Federal Reserve and other central banks should ignore such increases as being BASICALLY
IRRELEVANT TO DOMESTIC MONETARY CONDITIONS.”
This could have important implications… It might mean that … THE HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GROWTH OF THE MONEY
SUPPLY AND RATE OF INFLATION NEEDS TO BE REEVALUATED. …
Conclusion
Foreign holdings of U.S. dollarsARE
A SIGNIFICANT AND GROWING PHENOMENON. They are now so large as to affect our basic understanding of THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MONEY SUPPLY, INFLATION, INTEREST RATES AND OTHER
ECONOMIC VARIABLES. …
The chart below shows how the domestic money supply stopped
growing in 1980 because of the huge amount of dollars disappearing overseas. The yellow is cash outside the US, while the purple and blue are dollars in the US. (Currency in circulation = cash in wallets) (Reserve with F.R. Banks = cash held by US banks)
This flow of dollars oversea was UNNATURAL
According to Fed economists, the "disappearing dollars" were being
used by foreigners wanting to deal in “the stable U.S. currency.” However in
1981 (when the US declared “deficits don’t matter”), the dollar had been
experiencing double digit inflation since 1979, losing over 30 percent of its
value. The US was a high inflation area! Why did foreigners
start using the dollar right when it was on the verge of collapse?
Also, billions of dollars don’t just “disappear” out of the wallets of American, popping up around the world “in areas with high inflation rates.” First, no natural phenomenon (ie: tourists) could account for cash movements of this magnitude. Second, these billions moving overseas needed to be collected from the wallets of Americans. How was this done? Finally, moving billions of dollars in cash is not simple or cheap. So when “very large shipments” were going offshore in the 1980s, who was doing the shipping?
All this leads to two very important questions: where did all these
"disappearing dollars" end up and how did they get
there?
1) WHERE DID ALL THESE “DISAPPEARING DOLLARS” END UP?
September
16, 1990 NICARAGUA USING A NEW CURRENCY
By MARK A. UHLIG, Special to The New York Times
MANAGUA, Nicaragua, Sept. 15 — In the bitterest days of the conflict
between this country’s former Sandinista leaders and American-backed rebels, all Nicaraguans shared one crucial piece of common
ground: THEIR RELIANCE ON THE AMERICAN DOLLAR.
Against a background of economic sanctions and hyperinflation, Sandinistas and contra supporters alike SCRAMBLED
TO CONVERT THEIR NICARAGUAN CORDOBAS TO AMERICAN CURRENCY. …
This leads to another question: Why
did the Nicaraguan Cordoba collapse in the 1980s?
THE SECRET WARS OF THE CIA: by John Stockwell A lecture given in October, 1987
[John Stockwell was a former CIA
Station Chief in Angola in 1976, working for then Director of the CIA, George
Bush. He spent 13 years in the agency. He is the highest level CIA officer to
testify to the Congress about his actions]
… Nicaragua is not the biggest covert
action, it is the most famous
one.Afghanistan is, we spent several hundred million dollars in Afghanistan. We’ve spent somewhat less than that, but close, in
Nicaragua…. [When the U.S. doesn't like a government], they send the CIA in …TO TEAR
APART THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC FABRIC OF THE COUNTRY…
… What we’re talking about is going in and deliberately creating conditions wherethe
farmer can’t get his produce to market, wherechildren
can’t go to school,wherewomen are terrified inside their homes as well as
outside their homes,wheregovernment administration and programs grind to a
complete halt,wherethe hospitals are treating wounded people instead
of sick people, whereinternational capital is scared away and the
country goes bankrupt. … TO DESTABILIZE NICARAGUA BEGINNING
IN 1981, we began funding this force of Somoza’s ex-national
guardsmen, calling them the contras (the counter-revolutionaries). We created this force, it did not exist until we
allocated money. We’ve armed
them, put uniforms on their backs, boots on their feet, given them camps in
Honduras to live in, medical supplies, doctors, training, leadership,
direction, as we’ve sent them in to
de-stabilize Nicaragua.Under our direction they have systematically been blowing
up graineries, saw mills, bridges, government offices, schools, health centers. They ambush trucks so the produce can’t get to market.
They raid farms and villages. The
farmer has to carry a gun while he tries to plow, if he can plow at all.
If you want one example of hard
proof of the CIA’s involvement in this, and their approach to it, dig up `The
Sabotage Manual’, that they were circulating throughout Nicaragua, a comic-book type of a paper, with visual explanations of
what you can do to bring a society to a halt, how you can gum up typewriters,
what you can pour in a gas tank to burn up engines, what you can stuff in a
sewage to stop up the sewage so it won’t work, things you can do to make a society simply cease to
function. [Google archive
news results for "The
Sabotage Manual"]
Systematically, the contras have
been assassinating religious workers, teachers, health workers, elected
officials, government administrators. You remember the assassination manual? that surfaced in
1984. It caused such a stir that President Reagan had to address it himself in
the presidential debates with Walter Mondale. They use terror. This is a technique that they’re using to
traumatize the society so that it can’t function. I don’t mean to abuse you with verbal violence, but you have to understand what your government and its
agents are doing. They go into
villages… [revolting description of
CIA atrocities] …
This is nobody’s propaganda. There
have been over 100,000 American witnesses for peacewho have gone
down there and they havefilmed
and photographed and witnessed these atrocities immediately after they’ve
happened, and documented 13,000 people killed this way, mostly
women and children. These are
the activities done by these contras. The contras are the people president Reagan calls
`freedom fighters’. …
… Part of a de-stabilization is propaganda, to dis-credit the targeted government. This one actually began under Jimmy Carter. He authorized the
CIA to go in and try to make the Sandinistas look to be evil. … While they set
out to build 2,500 clinics to give the
country something resembling a public health policy, and access to medicines, we began to label them as totalitarian dictators, and to
attack them in the press,and to work with this newspaper `La Prensa’, which – it’s finally come out and been admitted, in Washington -
the U.S. government is funding: a propaganda arm.
[Reagan and the State dept. have] been claiming they’re building a war
machine that threatens the stability of Central America. Now the truth is, this small, poor country has been attacked
by the world’s richest country under conditions of war, for the last 5 years. Us and our army – the death they have sustained, the
action they have suffered – it makes it a larger war proportionally than the Vietnam war was to
the U.S. In addition to the
contra activities, we’ve had U.S.
Navy ships supervising the mining of harbors, we’ve sent planes in and bombed
the capital, we’ve had U.S.
military planes flying wing-tip to wing-tip over the country, photographing it,
aerial reconnaissance. They don’t have any missiles or jets they can send up to
chase us off. We are at war
with them. …
[IT WASN'T JUST NICARAGUA]
…
Now, CIA destabilizations are
nothing new, they didn’t begin with Nicaragua.…
… In El Salvador specifically, … the
CIA helped put together the treasury police.These are the
people that haul people out at night today, and run trucks over their heads. These are the people that the Catholic church tells us,
have killed something over 50,000
civilians in the last 5 years. And we
have testimony before our Congress that as late as 1982, leaders of the
treasury police were still on the CIA payroll.
Then you have the `Public Safety
Program.’I have to take just a
minute on this one because it’s a very important principle involved that we must
understand, if we’re to understand ourselves and the world that we live in. In
this one, the CIA was working
with policeforces throughout Latin America for about 26 years, teaching them how to wrap up subversive networks
by capturing someone and interrogating them, torturing them, and then getting
names and arresting the others and going from there. Now, this
was such a brutal and such a bloody operation, that Amnesty International began
to complain and publish reports. Then
there were United Nations hearings. Then eventually our Congress was forced to
yield to international pressure and investigate it, and they found the horror that was being done, and by law they forced it to stop.YOU CAN
READ THESE REPORTS — the
Amnesty International findings, and our own Congressional hearings. [Google Archive News results for "Amnesty
International" cia] … Why does the CIA run 10,000
brutal covert actions?Why are we DESTABILIZING A THIRD OF THE COUNTRIES
IN THE WORLD TODAYwhen there’s
so much instability and misery already?
…
Wikipedia explains that this bloody CIA campaign was called the Reagan Doctrine.
Reagan Doctrine
The Reagan Doctrine … was the
centerpiece of United States foreign policy from the early 1980s until
the end of the Cold War in 1991. … Under the Reagan Doctrine, the U.S.
provided overt and covert aid to democratic guerrillas and resistance movements
in an effort to "rollback" Soviet-backed communist governments IN
AFRICA, ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA.
…
… U.S. role in atrocities and
terrorism in Central America
Historian Greg Grandin … examined the
behaviour of the U.S. backed-contras and found evidence that it was PARTICULARLY INHUMANE AND VICIOUS:[revolting
description of CIA atrocities] …
Searching Google Archive
News for atrocities
cia aid confirms the timing.
So now we know where the "disappearing dollars" went and why. That
leaves the second question:
Drugs
and Dollars
By Joseph D. Douglass, Jr. | Published: April 10th, 2000
… Dollarization is the process whereby THE
U.S. DOLLAR BECOMES THE MEDIUM OF EXCHANGE IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY, SUPPLANTING
THE COUNTRY’S NATIONAL CURRENCY. The dollar has already become
the de facto currency in some of these nations…
… At least 50 percent of the deposits in Argentina
are dollars; in Bolivia the figure is 80 percent; in Colombia, the
deposits have been growing steadily to at least $34 billion. Russia, reportedly, has more dollars in circulation than
does the U.S. WHERE DID ALL OF THE DOLLARS IN THESE COUNTRIES COME FROM?
Certainly not from tourists or businesses. Nor can counterfeiting be the main
source.
Allow us to offer what our research would indicate is the
most reasonable explanation: DRUG MONEY LAUNDERING.…
DEA Congressional Testimony Global Security – Sep 5, 1996
… Currently, the vast
majority of OUTBOUND CURRENCY attributable to the Colombian drug lords, leaves
the United States either through air cargo or outbound freighter.… … Mexican traffickers sometimes simply smuggle BULK SHIPMENTS OF CASH across the border in
vehicles. Often,the same vehicles which are used to smuggle
cocaine into the United States are used to transport currency back into Mexico. …
National Drug Intelligence Center
January 2006 … Mexican and Colombian DTOs transport
their drug proceeds principally in bulk from drug market areas to other
U.S. areas and then on to foreign destinations in an attempt to repatriate their proceeds to their home
nations. Recent U.S. government analyses estimate that between $5.1 billion and $17.7 billion in wholesale drug Mexico-produced marijuana,
methamphetamine, and heroin is
transported out of the United States annually, presumably destined for Mexico. It is further estimated
thatan additional $3.2 billion
to $7.2 billiongenerated
through the wholesale distribution of cocaine and South American heroinis transported out of the United States annually…
While a large percentage of wholesale drug proceeds are transported across the
U.S.-Mexico border, a
significant amount is transported in bulk across the U.S.-Canada border, most likely by
Asian DTOs and criminal groups. Recent U.S. government analyses estimate that
between $5.2 billion and $21.2
billiongenerated by the wholesale distribution of Canada produced
marijuanais transported out of
the United States annually across the U.S.-Canada border…
When did this bulk currency smuggling start and why?
Banks intensify crackdown on Money Laundering Daily Gazette – Google News Archive – Sep 23, 1990
By James M. Odato … The Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 requires banks to file a Currency Transaction Report on cash
transactions of more than $10,000. Banks also must file a report if it appears a customer is trying to avoid having a CTR…
… the CTRs may have cut down on some of the laundering. Other alternatives … include
SMUGGLING MONEY OUT OF THE COUNTRY. … … FEDERAL REGULATORS BEGAN FINING BANKS HEAVILY IN THE
MID-’80S. … As a result, “everybody and his brother learned what money laundering
was,” says Byrne. …
Officials take aim at drug money Sarasota Herald-Tribune – Google News
Archive – Mar 11, 1997
… since last summer … a Treasury
Department order imposing a $750-per-transaction limit on 1,600 remittance
shops … has won a small victory in the
war on drugs … FORCING the
cartels to return to crude old methods of SMUGGLING MONEY IN BULK. … “The order has in effect shut down
the money remitters as an avenue for narcotics proceeds, forcing
launderers to resort to BULK CURRENCY SHIPMENTS,” Andre FLores, the chief agent of the U.S. Customs Service
on Long island, said in an interview Monday. “The $750 limit is a major hurdle when you have to move
$500,000.” …
U.S. agents focus on stopping cash at border crossings Island Packet – Google News Archive – Jan 28, 2006
LAREDO, Texas — … with STRICTER
CONTROLS on bank accounts and
wire transfers,trafficking
organizations are running PILES OF CASH into Mexico, in cars, trucks, boats and
airplanes, and EVEN STRAPPED TO THE BODIES OF COURIERS, federal officials said.
“We’re seeing bigger amounts of
cash coming across, and we’re seeing deeper concealment,” said Hector Mancha, assistant port director for security
at Laredo. “They don’t just throw it
in a bag in the trunk of their car anymore.”
Bulk Currency Smuggling + CIA Atrocities = DOLLARIZATION
Together, the bulk currency smuggling of narcotics profits and the Reagan
Doctrine’s global destabilization campaign have dollarized of
large part of the world.
Dollarization and the United Narcostates of America Jaguar Press
Saturday, October 31, 2009 at 9:33pm
… In Afghanistan right now,THE AFGHANI AND
THE DOLLAR ARE PRETTY MUCH INTERCHANGEABLE. It is astounding to American personnel stationed in Afghanistan that their
US dollars are just as good as at a 7-11 back home. This isn’t
an accident—the illicit trade in opium HAS
SINGLE-HANDEDLY INTRODUCED THE DOLLAR AS A STABLE MEDIUM OF TRANSACTION IN THE
REGION.It is so prominent that Karzai’s government had to pass
a law requiring vendors to list their prices in the native Afghani in addition
to its pricing in dollars. …
Sincethe coca boom of the 1980’susage
has risen drastically… This vast trade… has led to mass addiction and THE VICIOUS
DOLLARIZATION OF LATIN AMERICA.
… US neo-colonialist policies and practice, whether
carried out by government funded groups or private corporations, developed into an efficient machine for the consumption
and global exportation of cocaine starting in the 1970’s, whileINTRODUCING THE DOLLAR TO COCA PRODUCING REGIONS AS A
REPLACEMENT FOR THEIR SOMETIMES UNSTABLE NATIONAL CURRENCIES. In 1986, it came to
light thatthe US government had been tacitly
supporting, if not directly developing massive cartel infrastructure in Central America by funding the anti-communist Contra group in Nicaragua.Thousands of tons of cocaine were brought
into the American West Coast and South and the money was used not only to
attempt the violent overthrow of the Sandinista government—the
revolutionary group that liberated Nicaragua from American occupation in the
1930’s—BUT TO INTRODUCE THE DOLLAR TO
THE ENTIRE REGION.
And while the scandal has dissipated and American influence is no longer
visible, the US DOLLAR IS NOW THE STANDARD
CURRENCY FOR EL SALVADOR AND PANAMA. THE DOLLAR is also used in
some countries who maintain a currency at a rate fixed to the dollar while itIS SIMPLY THE UNOFFICIAL, DE FACTO TENDER IN THE
REST OF THE REGION and the cocaine trade has only grown since then.
…
That’s right, NEARLY EVERY COUNTRY IN THE
AMERICAS INVOLVED IN PRODUCING, TRANSPORTING AND USING COCAINE IS USING THE US
DOLLAR AS A MEDIUM FOR EXCHANGE. Michael Melvin and Jerry Ladman
have researched the economic structure of coca producing regions in Vol. 23 of
the Journal of Money, tracing the rise of the dollarized narcostate, “Since illicit activities like smuggling are financed
with currency rather than bank
deposits, many people believe thatMUCH
OF THE U.S. DOLLAR CURRENCY CIRCULATING IN BOLIVIA, COLOMBIA, AND PERU IS
EARNED FROM ILLEGAL DRUG SALES. …
If you’re in Southern California you can test
it, the US dollar is valid in the cities of Mexico just south of the
border. As in all other opium and coca producing states from
Central Asia to Latin America we see the same symptoms of US narcocolonialism—addiction, exploitation, the dollar.
There are no efforts to effectively curb hard drug abuse or to curtail the
trade, quite the opposite, THE US GOVERNMENT
HAS SUPPORTED THE DRUG TRADE AT MANY LEVELS. …
The Media’s KEY role in “saving the dollar”
The effort to (temporarily) save the dollar would not have possible without the
media’s cooperation. For example in 1984, when the U.S. Congress ordered the
inhumane contra intervention be stopped, the media looked the other way while
the CIA illegally continued anyway. If deficits stopped mattering, it was
thanks to the media role in keeping the American people misinformed.
THE MEDIA IS FUNDAMENTALLY BROKEN
This goes way beyond issues of “liberal” or “conservative” bias. Through the use of media blackouts, smear/disinformation campaigns, and false narratives, US media shields the government from all forms of accountability.
1) MEDIA BLACKOUTS
There are entire subjects of the highest importance which are
being systematically ignored by mainstream media. These topics are so
toxic, the facts so damning, that no one will touch them. The results are
total media blackouts.
Below is an example of what such a blackout looks like.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
MEDIA BLACKOUT: CIA’s role in contra drug trafficking
KEEP IN MIND WHEN READING: the
CIA conducted an internal investigation that acknowledged in March 1998 that the
agency had covered up Contra drug trafficking for more than a decade. Gary
Webb’s allegations have beenproven true and have
been acknowledge even by those who initially attacked them.
THE MIGHTY WURLITZER PLAYS ON
by Gary Webb
Chapter 14 from In the Buzzsaw edited by Kristina Borjesson
Webb was an investigative reporter for
nineteen years focusing on government and private sector corruption and winning
more than thirty journalism awards. … Webb…was
a reporter for the San Jose Mercury News where the "Dark Alliance"
series broke in 1996. Months
later, Webb was effectively
forced out of his job after the San Jose Mercury News retracted their support
for his story. He is
now a consultant to the California State Legislature’s Joint Audit Committee.
If we had met five years ago, you
wouldn’t have found a more staunch defender of the newspaper industry than me. I’d been working at daily papers for seventeen years
at that point, doing no-holds barred investigative reporting for the bulk of
that time. As far as I could tell, the
beneficial powers the press theoretically exercised in our society weren’t
theoretical in the least. They
worked.
… Bottom line: If there was ever a true believer, I was one. …
In seventeen years of doing this, nothing
bad had happened to me. I was
never fired or threatened with dismissal if I kept looking under
rocks. I didn’t get any death threats that worried me. I was winning awards, getting raises, lecturing college
classes, appearing on TV shows, and judging journalism contests.
… And then I wrote some stories that made me realize how sadly
misplaced my bliss had been.
The reason I’d enjoyed such smooth sailing for so long hadn’t been, as I’d
assumed, because I was careful and diligent and good at my job. It turned
out to have nothing to do with it. The truth was that, in all those years, I HADN’T WRITTEN ANYTHING
IMPORTANT ENOUGH TO SUPPRESS.
In 1996, I wrote a series of stories, entitled Dark Alliance, that began
this way:
For the better part of a decade, a
Bay Area drug ring sold tons of cocaine to the Crips and Bloods Street Gangs of
Los Angeles and funneled millions in drug profits to a Latin American guerilla
army run by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, a Mercury News investigation has found.
This drug network opened the
first pipeline between Colombia’s cocaine cartels and the black neighborhoods
of Los Angeles, a city now known as the "crack" capital of the world. The cocaine that flooded in helped spark a crack
explosion in urban America — and provided the cash and connections needed for
L.A.’s gangs to buy automatic weapons.
It is one of the most bizarre alliances in modern history: the union of a U.S. backed army attempting to
overthrow a revolutionary socialist government and the Uzi-toting
"gangstas" of Compton and South Central Los Angeles. The three-day series was, at its heart, a short historical account of the
rise and fall of a drug ring and its impact on black Los Angeles. It
attempted to explain how shadowy
intelligence agencies, shady drugs and arms dealers, a political scandal, and a
long-simmering Latin American civil was had crossed paths in South Central Los
Angeles, leaving behind a legacy of crack use. Most important, it challenged the widely held belief that crack use began
in African American neighborhoods
not for any tangible reason but mainly
because of the kind of people who lived in them. Nobody was forcing them to smoke crack, the argument
went, so they only have
themselves to blame. They
should just say no.
That argument never seemed to make
much sense to me because DRUGS DON’T JUST APPEAR MAGICALLY ON STREET
CORNERS IN BLACK NEIGHBORHOODS. Even
the most rabid hustler in the ghetto can’t sell what he doesn’t have. If anyone was responsible for the drug problems in a
specific area, I thought, it was the people who were bringing the drugs in.
And so Dark Alliance was about them — the three cocaine traffickers who supplied the South Central
market with literally tons of pure cocaine from the early 1980s to the early
1990s. What made the series so
controversial is that two of the
traffickers I named were intimately involved with a Nicaraguan paramilitary
group known as the Contras, a collection of ex-military men, Cuban exiles, and
mercenaries that the CIA was using to destabilize the socialist
government of Nicaragua. The series documented direct contact between the drug traffickers who were
bringing the cocaine into South Central and the two Nicaraguan CIA agents who
were administering the Contra project in Central America. The evidence included sworn testimony from one of
the traffickers — now a valued government informant — that one of the CIA
agents huddled in the kitchen of a house in San Francisco with one of the
traffickers and had interviewed the photographer, who confirmed its
authenticity. PRETTY
CONVINCING STUFF, we thought.
Over the course of three days, Dark Alliance advanced five main
arguments: First, that the CIA-created
Contras had been selling cocaine to finance their activities. This was something the CIA and the major media had
dismissed or denied since the mid-1980s, when a few reporters first began
writing about Contra drug dealing. Second, that the Contras had sold cocaine in the ghettos of Los
Angeles and that their main customer was L.A.’s biggest crack dealer. Third, that
elements of the U.S. government knew about this drug ring’s activities at the
time and did little if anything to stop it. Fourth, that because of the time period and the areas in
which it operated,this drug
ring played a critical role in fueling and supplying the first mass crack
cocaine market in the United States. And fifth, that the profits earned from this crack market allowed the
Los Angeles-based Crips and bloods to expand into other cities and spread crack
use to other black urban areas, TURNING A BAD LOCAL PROBLEM INTO A BAD NATIONAL
PROBLEM. This led to
panicky federal drug laws that were locking up thousands of small-time, black
crack dealers for years but never denting the crack trade.
…
Obviously this wasn’t the kind of story that a reporter digs up in an
afternoon. A Nicaraguan
journalist and I had been working on it exclusively for more than a year before
it was published. And despite the
topic of the story, it had been tedious work. … … Both before and after the [1995] prison riots, some
black leaders were openly suggesting that crack was part of a broad
government conspiracy that has
imprisoned or killed an entire generation of young black men. IMAGINE IF THEY WERE RIGHT. What if the US government was, in fact, involved
in dumping cocaine into California –
selling it to black gangs in South Central Los Angeles, for instance — SPARKING THE MOST DESTRUCTIVE DRUG EPIDEMIC IN AMERICAN
HISTORY?
That’s what this series is about.
With the help of recently declassified documents, FBI reports, DEA undercover
tapes, … we will show how a
CIA-linked drug and stolen car network — based in, of all places, the Peninsula — provided weapons and tons of high-grade, dirt cheap
cocaine to the very person who spread crack through LA and from there into the
hinterlands.
… This is also the story of how an
ill-planned and oftentimes irrational foreign policy adventure — the CIA’s "secret" was in Nicaragua from 1980
to 1986 — boomeranged back to the
streets of America, in the long run doing far more damage to us than to
our supposed "enemies" in Central America. For, as this series will show, the
dumping of cocaine on LA’s street gangs was the "back-end" of a
covert effort to arm and equip the CIA’s ragtag army of anti-Communist
"Contra" guerrillas.
While this has long been solid — if largely ignores — evidence of a
CIA-Contra-cocaine connection, no one has ever asked the question:"Where did all the cocaine go once it got
here?" Now we know.
Moreover, we have compelling evidence that the kingpins of this Bay Area cocaine ring — men connected to the assassinated Nicaraguan dictated
dictator Anastasio Somoza and his murderous National Guard — enjoyed a unique relationship with the U.S. government
that has continued to this day. *In a meeting to discuss the memo, I
recounted to my editors the sorry history of how the Contra-cocaine story
had been ridiculed and marginalized by the Washington press corps in the 1980s, and that we
could expect similar reactions to this series. If they didn’t want to pursue this, now was the time
to pull back, before I flew down to Central America and started poking around
finding drug dealers to interview. But if we did, we needed to go
full-bore on it, and devote the time and space to tell it right. My
editors agreed. My story memo made the rounds of the other editors’
offices and, as far as I know, no one objected. I was sent to Nicaragua
to do additional reporting, and the design team at Mercury Center — the
newspaper’s online edition — began mapping our a Web page. At the end of my memo, I’d suggested to my editors that we use the Internet to help us demonstrate the
story’s soundness and credibility which, based on past stories critical of the CIA, was sure to come under attack by both the government and
the press. …
Since this whole subject has such
a high unbelievability factor built into it, providing our backup documentation to our readers — and the rest of the world over the Internet — would allow them to judge the evidence for
themselves. It will also make it
all the more difficult to dismiss our findings as the fantasies of a few drug
dealers.
…
After four months of writing, rewriting, editing, and reediting, my editors
pronounced themselves satisfied and signed off. The first installment of Dark Alliance
appeared simultaneously on the streets and on the Web on August 18, 1996.
THE INITIAL PUBLIC REACTION WAS
DEAD SILENCE. No one jumped up
to deny any of it. Nor did the news media rush to share our discoveries
with others. The stories
just sat there, as if no one seemed to know what to make of them. Admittedly, Dark Alliance was an unusual story to have appeared
in a mainstream daily newspaper… It
was not an uplifting story; it was a sickening one. The bad guys had triumphed and fled the scene unscathed,
as often happens in life. And there was very little anyone could do about
it now, ten years after the fact. So, I wasn’t really surprised that my journalistic colleagues weren’t
pounding down the follow-up trail. Hell,
I thought it was a strange story myself.
Had it been published even a year
of two earlier, it likely would have vanished without a trace at
that point. Customarily, IF THE REST OF THE NATION’S EDITORS DECIDE TO IGNORE A
PARTICULAR STORY, IT QUICKLY WITHERS AND DIES, LIKE A LIGHT-STARVED PLANT. With the exception of newspapers in Seattle, some small
cities in Northern California, and Albuquerque, Dark Alliance
got the silent treatment big time. NO ONE WOULD TOUCH IT. But no one had counted on the
enormous popularity of the Web site. Almost from the moment the series appeared, the Web page was deluged with visitors from all over the
world. Students in Denmark were
standing in line at their college’s computer waiting to read it. E-mails
came in from Croatia, Japan, Colombia, Harlem, and Kansas City, dozens of them,
day after day. One day we had
more than 1.3 million hits. (The
site eventually won several awards from computer journalism magazines.)
Once Dark Alliance became the
talk of the Internet (in large part
because of the technical wizardry and sharp graphics of the Web page), talk radio adopted the story and ran with it. For the next two months, I did more than one hundred radio
interviews, in which I was asked to sum up what the three-day long series said
in its many thousands of words. …
… This was about the time I realized the
wind speed of the shit storm I had kicked up.
The rumbles the series was causing
from black communities was unnerving a lot of people. College students were holding protest rallies in
Washington, D.C., to demand an official investigation. Residents of South
Central marched on city hall and held candlelight vigils. … Black civil rights activists were arrested outside the
CIA after sealing off the agency’s entrance with yellow crime scene tape.The
story was developing a political momentum all of its own, and it was happening
DESPITE A VIRTUAL NEWS BLACKOUT FROM THE MAJOR MEDIA.
…
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
The best evidence that the media is systematically blacking out certain topics
is what you don’t know. For example, Have you ever hear of B.C.C.I.?
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
MEDIA BLACKOUT: B.C.C.I.: The Dirtiest Bank of All
Monday,
Jul. 29, 1991
B.C.C.I.: The Dirtiest Bank of All
By JONATHAN BEATY and S.C. GWYNNE NEW YORK
"I could tell you what you want to know, but I must worry about my
wife and family — they could be killed."
– a former top B.C.C.I. officer
"We better not talk about this over the phone. We’ve found some bugs in
offices that haven’t been put there by law enforcement."
– a Manhattan investigator probing B.C.C.I. Bank-fraud cases are usually dry, tedious affairs. NOT
THIS ONE. Nothing in the history of modern financial scandals
rivals the unfolding saga of the Bank of Credit & Commerce International,
the $20 billion rogue empire that regulators in 62 countries shut down early
this month in a stunning global sweep. Never has a
single scandal involved so much money, so many nations or so many
prominent people.
Superlatives are quickly exhausted: it is THE
LARGEST CORPORATE CRIMINAL ENTERPRISE EVER, THE BIGGEST PONZI
SCHEME, THE MOST PERVASIVE MONEY-LAUNDERING OPERATION and
financial supermarket ever created for the likes of
Manuel Noriega, Ferdinand Marcos, Saddam Hussein and the
Colombian drug barons. B.C.C.I. even accomplished a Stealth-like
invasion of the U.S. banking industry by secretly buying First American
Bankshares … whose chairman is former U.S.
Defense Secretary Clark Clifford.
But B.C.C.I. is MORE THAN JUST A CRIMINAL
BANK. From interviews with sources close to B.C.C.I., TIME has
pieced together a portrait of a clandestine
division of the bank called the "black network," which functions as a global intelligence operation and a
Mafia-like enforcement squad. Operating primarily out of the bank’s
offices in Karachi, Pakistan, the 1,500-employee black network has used
sophisticated spy equipment and techniques, along with bribery, extortion,
kidnapping and even, by some accounts, murder. The
black network — so named by its own members — stops
at almost nothing to further the bank’s aims the world over.
The more conventional departments of B.C.C.I. handled such services as
laundering money for the drug trade and helping
dictators loot their national treasuries. The black network,
which is still functioning, operates a lucrative arms-trade business and
transports drugs and gold. According to investigators and participants in those
operations, it often works with Western and Middle Eastern intelligence
agencies. The strange and still murky ties
between B.C.C.I. and the intelligence agencies of several countries are so
pervasive that even the White House has become entangled. As
TIME reported earlier this month, the
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL USED B.C.C.I. TO FUNNEL MONEY FOR THE IRAN-CONTRA
DEALS,andTHE CIA MAINTAINED ACCOUNTS IN B.C.C.I. FOR COVERT
OPERATIONS. Moreover, investigators have told TIME that the Defense Intelligence Agency has maintained a
slush-fund account with B.C.C.I., apparently to pay for clandestine
activities.
But the CIA may have used B.C.C.I. as more than an
undercover banker:U.S. agents
collaborated with the black network in several operations,
according to a B.C.C.I. black-network "officer" who is now a secret
U.S. government witness. Sources have told investigators that B.C.C.I. worked
closely with Israel’s spy agencies and other Western intelligence groups as
well, especially in arms deals. The bank also
maintained cozy relationships with international terrorists, say
investigators who discovered suspected terrorist accounts for Libya, Syria and
the Palestine Liberation Organization in B.C.C.I.’s London offices.
The bank’s intelligence connections and alleged bribery of public officials
around the world point to an explanation for the
most persistent mystery in the B.C.C.I. scandal:why banking and law-enforcement authorities allowed the
bank to spin out of control for so long.
In the U.S. investigators now say openly that the
Justice Department has not only reined in its own probe of the bank but
is also part of A CONCERTED CAMPAIGN TO DERAIL ANY FULL INVESTIGATION.
Says Robert Morgenthau, the Manhattan district attorney, who first launched his
investigations into B.C.C.I. two years ago: "We
have had no cooperation from the Justice Department since we first asked for
records in March 1990. In fact they
are impeding our investigation, andJUSTICE DEPARTMENT REPRESENTATIVES ARE ASKING
WITNESSES NOT TO COOPERATE WITH US."
… according to a former operative,SOMETIME
IN THE EARLY 1980S THE BLACK NETWORK BEGAN RUNNING ITS OWN DRUGS, WEAPONS AND
CURRENCY DEALS.[Again, note the timing]
… A typical operation took place in April 1989, when
a container ship from Colombia docked during the night at Karachi, Pakistan.
… The crates were trucked to a "secure airport" and loaded aboard an
unmarked 707 jet, wherean American, believed
by the black-unit members to be a CIA agent, supervised the frantic activity.
The plane then departed for Czechoslovakia… "From
Czechoslovakia the 707 flew to the U.S.," said the informant… "It could have been gold. It could have been drugs.
It could have been guns. We dealt in
those commodities," Mustafa told U.S. authorities.
Other informants with details about the black
network have come forward as the banking disaster has unfolded. "B.C.C.I. was a full-service bank,"
says an international arms dealer who frequently worked with the clandestine
bank units. …
… U.S. intelligence agencies were WELL AWARE OF
SUCH ACTIVITIES."B.C.C.I.
played an indispensable role in facilitating deals between Israel and some
Middle Eastern countries," says a former State Department official. "And when you look at the Saudi support of the
contras,ask yourself who the middleman was: there
was no government-to-government connection between the Saudis and
Nicaragua."
As an equal-opportunity smuggler, the bank dealt in arms from many countries. "It was B.C.C.I. that financed and brokered
((Chinese)) Silkworm missiles that went to Saudi Arabia," the
former official says, "and those were equipped with sophisticated Israeli
guidance systems. When you couldn’t use direct
government transfers or national banks, B.C.C.I. was there to hot-wire
the connections between Saudi Arabia, China and Israel."
The bank also helped transfer North Korean Scud-B missiles to Syria, a B.C.C.I.
source told TIME.
Yet the bank’s arms business was benign compared with the black network’s other
missions … paying bribes to politicians, supplying
"young beauties from Lahore," moving drugs and expediting insider
business deals.
When it came to recruiting and persuading, the black network usually got its
way. "We would put money in the accounts of
people we wanted to seduce to work for us," says Mustafa, "or we would use terror tactics,"
including kidnapping and blackmail. "The
Pakistanis were easy to terrorize; perhaps we might send someone his
brother’s hand with the rings still on it." Adds Mustafa: "We were after business cooperation or military or
industrial secrets that we would use or broker, and we targeted
generals, businessmen and politicians. In
America it was easy: money almost always worked, and we sought out politicians
known to be corruptible."
The black network was the bank’s deepest secret, but rumors of its activities filtered through the bank’s managerial level
with chilling effectiveness.Senior bankers
voice fears that they will be financially ruined or physically maimed — even
killed — if they are found talking about B.C.C.I.’s activities. High-level
bank officers know what happened to a Karachi-based protocol officer whom the
black network suspected of unreliability last year. "They
found he had been trying to liquidate his assets and quietly sell his
house," says Mustafa. "So, first
they killed his brother, and then they sent brigands to rape his wife. He
fled to the U.S., where he is hiding." U.S.
investigators confirm the account…
Businessmen who pursued shady deals with B.C.C.I. are just as
frightened. "Look," says an arms dealer, "these
people work hand in hand with the drug cartels; they
can have anybody killed. I personally know one fellow who
got crossed up with B.C.C.I., and he is a cripple now. A bunch of thugs beat
him nearly to death, and he knows who ordered it and why. He’s not about to
talk." Currently the black units have focused
their scrutiny and intimidation on investigators."Our own people have been staked out or followed,
and we suspect tapped telephones," says a New York
law-enforcement officer.
The black unit’s … primary purpose was to foster a
global looting operation that bilked depositors of billions of dollars.
Price Waterhouse, the accounting firm whose audit triggered the worldwide
seizure of B.C.C.I. assets earlier this month, says the disarray is so extreme that the firm cannot even put
together a coherent financial statement. But investigators
believe $10 billion or more is missing, fully half of B.C.C.I.’s worldwide
assets.
… B.C.C.I.’s downfall was INEVITABLE becauseit was ESSENTIALLY A PLANETARY PONZI SCHEME,
a rip-off technique pioneered by American flimflam man Charles Ponzi in 1920. B.C.C.I. gathered deposits, looted most of them, but
kept enough new deposits flowing in so that there was always sufficient cash on
hand to pay anyone who asked for his money. During
the years of its most explosive growth in the late 1970s and mid-1980s, B.C.C.I. became a magnet for drug money, capital-flight
money, tax-evading money and money from corrupt government officials.
B.C.C.I. quickly gained a reputation as a bank that could move money anywhere
and hide it without a trace. It was the bank that knew how to get around foreign-exchange
rules and falsify letters of credit in support of smuggling. Among its alleged
services:
– In Panama, … the bank systematically
helped Noriega loot the national treasury. …
– In Iraq, B.C.C.I. became one of the principal
conduits for money that Saddam Hussein skimmed from national oil revenues
during the 1980s.…
– In Guatemala the collapse of B.C.C.I. has
triggered a government probe into a $30 million loan that the bank extended to
the country in 1988-89. Government officials told TIME they suspect that
some of the money may have gone to pay bribes to
stifle a four-year-old investigation of a major B.C.C.I. client, coffee
smuggler and arms merchant Munther Bilbeisi…
… B.C.C.I.’s deposits also disappeared through the
black network, which used the money to pay bribes and conduct its
weapons and currency deals. According to a former officer, B.C.C.I. bought
virtual control of customs officials in ports and air terminals around the
world. In the U.S. millions of dollars flowed
through B.C.C.I.’s Washington office, allegedly destined TO PAY OFF U.S.
OFFICIALS.
The bribes and intelligence connections may offer an explanation for the
STARTLING REGULATORY INACTION. The Justice Department has hindered an investigation by Massachusetts
Senator John Kerry, whose Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics
and International Operations was the first to probe B.C.C.I.’s illegal
operations. According to Kerry, the Justice
Department has refused to provide documents and has blocked
a deposition by a key witness, citing interference with its own
investigation of B.C.C.I. To date,
however, the Justice Department investigation
in Washington has issued only one subpoena. "We have had a
lot of difficulty getting any answers at all out of Justice," says Kerry.
"We’ve been shuffled back and forth so many times between bureaus, trying
to find somebody who was accountable. These things are very serious. What’s
shocking is that more energy hasn’t been expended. Somebody consciously or
negligently took their eyes off the ball in this investigation." According
to Jack Blum, Kerry’s chief investigator in 1988-89,the lack of cooperation was so pervasive and so successful in frustrating
his efforts to investigate B.C.C.I. that he now says he believes
it was part of a deliberate strategy.
Says Blum: "There’s no question in my
mind that it’s a calculated effort inside the Federal Government to limit the
investigation. The only issue is whether it’s a result of high-level corruption or IF IT’S DESIGNED TO HIDE ILLEGAL
GOVERNMENT ACTIVITIES."
… the evidence of a cover-up is mounting:
– In one of the most mysterious events in the case, B.C.C.I. bank records from Panama City relating to
Noriega "disappeared" in transit to Washington while under guard by
the Drug Enforcement Administration. After an internal
investigation, the DEA said it had no idea what had happened to the documents.
– Lloyd’s of London, which is enmeshed
in a racketeering lawsuit against B.C.C.I., has
fruitlessly made offers to provide evidence of bribery and kickbacks
and has made "repeated pleas" to U.S.
Attorneys in Miami and New Orleans to seize B.C.C.I. records. Lloyd’s
accuses B.C.C.I. of taking part in smuggling operations and falsifying shipping
documents. The insurance underwriters offered the results of their voluminous
research into the bank’s illegal activities. The Justice
Department attorneys ignored the offers, Lloyd’s says.
– The U.S. Attorney General has assigned only a handful of FBI agents to
its Washington grand jury investigation of B.C.C.I.’s relationship to First
American Bankshares. The department’s main probe of
B.C.C.I. itself is being handled by a sole Assistant U.S. Attorney in
Tampa, who has recently been assigned another major case.
Similar understaffing is evident in a Miami grand jury probe of the
relationship between B.C.C.I. and the CenTrust savings and loan, whose failure
is estimated to cost taxpayers $2 billion. This may
help account for the fact that A 16-MONTH INVESTIGATION HAS YIELDED NO
INDICTMENTS.
… Still to be probed, with potentially explosive
results, is B.C.C.I.’s Washington office. Sources have
told TIME that one of B.C.C.I.’s Washington
representatives distributed millions of dollars in payoffs to U.S. officials during
the past decade.If that is true, THE
BANKER’S BLACK BOOK MAY BE THE SINGLE HOTTEST SOURCE SINCE DEEP THROAT IN THE
WATERGATE INVESTIGATION. …
IMPLICATIONS:B.C.C.I.
was a FASCINATING fraud. It had EVERYTHING:
1) "A PLANETARY PONZI SCHEME"
2) Corrupt dealing with every crook on the planet (Manuel Noriega, Ferdinand
Marcos, Saddam Hussein and the Colombian drug barons, etc)
3) Fraud involving high US government officials like former U.S. Defense
Secretary Clark Clifford.
4) More spycraft than any James Bond movie (the CIA, the Mafia, a covert
“black network”, covert operations, etc…).
5) A connection to Iran-Contra.
6) Millions in bribes to politicians around the world, especially in
Washington.
7) A massive, clear-as-day, government cover-up.
8) Torture, murder, spying, drug trafficking, money-laundering, and every type
of crime imaginable.
9) Etc…
WHY DON’T YOU KNOW ABOUT IT?
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
Media blackouts don’t just cover government frauds. The basic
background/historical knowledge necessary to understand the frauds is also
blacked out, as is any knowledge which might undermine the dollar by suggesting
future inflation (ie: how China’s dollar peg works). As a result, the average
American is amazingly uninformed about how the world really works.
I am talking about the real mechanics behind the scenes (ie: how
our monetary system works, how clearing in equity market works, who is in
charge of defending the dollar (it isn’t the fed), etc). This general lack of
understanding makes it frustratingly difficult to have any serious discussion
about government fraud (how do explain murder to someone who doesn’t
understand the concept of death?).
Another affect of keeping the world uninformed is that it hides the
government’s motive to commit fraud. Without understanding how sharply the
government’s self-interest diverges from their own, it is hard for people to
accept government dishonesty.
Consider, for example, how the government benefits profits from the "war
on drugs."
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
MEDIA BLACKOUT: The profits of the “war on drugs”
Crackdown
on drugs profitable Bangor Daily News – Google News Archive -
Oct 19, 1982 …
Between Jan. 1, 1981. and Sept 30. 1982, US. Customs
agents confiscated 699 boats, 503 cars and trucks and 271 planes worth a total
of $57.5 millionduring drug
raids in 11 Southeastern states.
… Most of the seized goods nave been or will be
sold at public auctions, said
Kitty Pryor. a spokeswoman for the customs agency. THE PROCEEDS ARE THEN TUNNELED INTO THE U.S. GOVERNMENT’S
GENERAL TREASURY.
“We are a MONEY-MAKING AGENCY FOR THE U.S.
GOVERNMENT,” Ms. Pryor said.
…
Restraining Property Seizures
Published: December 17, 1993
… as the Supreme Court is beginning to suspect, such seizures can be abused to raise revenues.
Explaining the need for legal safeguards … , the high court cited a 1990
Justice Department memorandum to its far-flung agents. "We must significantly increase production to reach
OUR BUDGET TARGET," the
memo said. "Failure to
achieve the $470 million projection would expose the Department’s forfeiture program
to criticism and undermine confidence in our budget projections."
When the Government has a
strong economic motive to grab a person’s house for budget-balancing purposes, the courts need to be vigilant…
The Double-Edged Sword undercover researcher observed agencies abandon investigations of suspects they knew
were trafficking large amounts of contraband simply because the case was not
profitable. … The report
states: "EFFICIENCY IS MEASURED BY THE
AMOUNT OF MONEY SEIZED RATHER THAN IMPACT ON DRUG TRAFFICKING."
… More importantly, THE NARCOTICS UNITS
STUDIED PREFERRED SEIZING CASH intended for purchase of drugs
supplied by the police, RATHER THAN
CONFISCATING DRUGS ALREADY ON THE STREET. …
In one case an agency … [postponed] making the bust UNTIL AFTER THE MAJORITY OF THE
DRUG SHIPMENT WAS CONVERTED TO CASH. This case was only one of
many in which THE GOAL WAS PROFIT RATHER THAN
REDUCING THE SUPPLY OF DRUGS REACHING THE STREET. …
IMPLICATIONS:Once
you understand all the ways the government profits from the fighting "war on
drugs", the fact that the US is supervising
the production of 90% of the world’s heroin in Afghanistan makes a lot more
sense. vvvvvvvvvvvvv
To explain government fraud today, it is first
necessary to spend a considerable about of time providing missing background
information (ie: deficits did matter before 1980). Only then can one seriously
start talking about the actual fraud.
2) Smear/Disinformation Campaigns
Fairly oftern, as with Gary Webb’s Dark Alliance series, stories developed a
life of their own despite news blackouts imposed by major media. This is when
smear/disinformation campaigns begin to refute reality. Undesired stories are
brutally assaulted and discredited to the point where they can be ignored once
again.
These disinformation campaigns make a complete mockery of the concept of a
“free press”. Inconvenient facts are portrayed as fiction. New “facts” and
“evidence” are conjured out of the nether. The story under attack is portrayed
as lunacy, and the people involved are ridiculed as conspiracy-mongers. It
works pretty damn well too…
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
SMEAR/DISINFORMATION:Discrediting Gary Webb
and Dark Alliance.
… Some Washington journalists were alarmed. Where is the rebuttal? Why hasn’t the media risen in revolt against this
story?" CNN’s Reliable Sources, Kalb EXPRESSED FRUSTRATION THAT THE STORY WAS CONTINUING TO
GET OUT DESPITE THE BEST EFFORTS OF THE PRESS TO IGNORE IT. "It isn’t a story that simply got lost"
Kalb complained, during the show, "It, in fact, has resonated and echoed
and echoed and the question is, Where
is the media knocking it down?" It was an interesting comment because it foretold the way the mainstream press finally did respond to Dark
Alliance.A revolt by the biggest newspapers in the country,
something columnist Alexander Cockburn would later describe in his book White
Out as "ONE OF THE
MOST VENOMOUS AND FACTUALLY INSANE ASSAULTS…IN LIVING MEMORY." I remember arguing with a producer at an CNN news show shortly before I was
to go on the air that I didn’t want
him asking me to explain "my allegations" because these
stories WEREN’T my allegations. I was a journalist reporting
events that had actually occurred. You could document them, and we had. "Well, you got understand my
position," he mumbled. "The trafficking, CNN’s position is that
these events may not have happed?" I snapped, "What the fuck is that? WHEN DID WE GIVE
THE CIA THE POWER TO DEFINE REALITY?"
After nearly a month of silence, the
CIA responded. It admitted nothing. It was confident
that its agents weren’t dealing drugs.
But to dispel all the rumors and unkind suggestions my series had raised, the agency would have its inspector general
take a look into the matter.
The black community greeted this pronouncement with unconcealed contempt.
"You think you can come down here and tell us that you’re going to investigate yourselves, and expect us to
believe something is actually gone happen?" one woman yelled at CIA director John Dutch, who
appeared in Compote, California, in November 1996 to personally promise
the city a thorough investigation. "How stupid do you think we are?"
… Ultimately, it was public
pressure that forced the national newspapers into the fray.Protests
were held outside the building by media watchdogs and citizens groups, who wondered how the Los Angeles Times building by
media watchdogs and citizens groups, who
wondered how the Times could continue to ignore a story that had such an
impact on the city’s black neighborhoods.In
Washington, black media outlets were
ridiculing the Post for its silence,considering the importance the story held for most of
Washington’s citizens.
When the newspapers of record spoke, THEY
SPOKE IN UNISON.Between
October and November, the Washington Post, the New York
Times and the Los Angeles Times published lengthy stories about the
CIA drug issue, but spent precious little time exploring the CIA’s
activities. Instead, my
reporting and I became the focus of their scrutiny. After looking
into the issue for several weeks, the
official conclusion reached by all three papers: Much ado about nothing. No story here. Nothing worth pursuing.
The series was "flawed," they contended. How?
Well, there was no evidence the CIA knew anything about it, according to
unnamed CIA officials the newspapers spoke to. …
Additionally, it was argues, this quasi-Contra drug ring was small
potatoes. … Eventually, THOSE
ASSERTIONS WOULD BE REFUTED by
internal records released by both the CIA and the Justice Department, but
at the time they were classified.
… Privately, though, my
editors were getting nervous.Never before had the three
biggest papers devoted such energy to kicking the hell out of a story by
another newspaper. …
My follow-up stories were
required to contain a boilerplate disclaimerthat said we were not accusing the CIA of direct knowledge,
even though the facts strongly
suggested CIA complicity. … Ironically, the evidence we
were continuing to gather WAS MAKING THE STORY EVEN STRONGER. Long-missing police records surfaced. Cops who had tried to investigate the Contra drug ring
and were rebuffed came forward. We tracked down one of the Contras who personally delivered drug money to CIA agents, and he
identified them by name, on the record. He also confirmed that the amounts he’d carried to Miami and
Costa Rica were in the millions. More records were declassified from the
Iran-Contra files, showing that CONTEMPORANEOUS
KNOWLEDGE OF THIS DRUG OPERATION REACHED TO THE TOP LEVELS OF THE CIA’S COVERT
OPERATIONS DIVISION, as well as into the DEA and the FBI.
But the attacks from the other newspapers had taken the wind out of my editors’
sails. Despite the
advances we were making on the story, the criticism continued. We were being "irresponsible" by printing
stories … suggesting CIA complicity without any admissions of "a smoking
gun." The series was now
described frequently as "discredited," even though nothing had
surfaced showing that any of the facts were incorrect. …
…
A few months later, the Mercury
News officially backed away from Dark Alliance, publishing a long column by Jerry Ceppos apologizing for
"shortcomings" in the series. While insisting that the paper
stood behind its "core findings," we didn’t have proof that top CIA officials knew about
this, and we didn’t have proof that millions of dollars flowed from this drug
ring, Ceppos declared, EVEN THOUGH WE DID AND WEREN’T PRINTING IT. … The New
York Timeshailed Ceppos for setting a brave new standard for dealing
with "egregious errors"and splashed his apology on their front page,the first time the series had ever been mentioned
there.
I quit the Mercury News not too long after that.
When the CIA and Justice Department finished their internal investigations two
years later, the classified documents that were released showed just how badly
I had fucked up. THE
CIA’S KNOWLEDGE AND INVOLVEMENT HAD BEEN FAR GREATER THAN I’D EVER IMAGINED.The drug ring
was even bigger than I had portrayed. The involvement
between the CIA agents running the Contras and the drug traffickers was
closer than I had written.
And AGENTS AND OFFICIALS OF THE
DEA HAD PROTECTED THE TRAFFICKERS FROM ARREST, something I’d not been allowed to print. The CIA also admitted having direct involvement with
about four dozen other drug traffickers or their companies, and that this too had been known and effectively condoned by the CIA’s top brass. In fact, at the start of the
Contra war, the CIA and Justice Department had worked out an unusual
agreement that permitted the CIA not to have to report allegations of drug
trafficking by its agents to the Justice Department. It
was a curious loophole in the law, to say the least.
DESPITE THOSE RATHER STUNNING
ADMISSIONS, the internal
investigations were portrayed in the
press as having uncovered no evidence of CIA involvement in drug
trafficking … Even though their relationship with the agency was a
matter of public record, none of the press reports I saw celebrating the CIA’s self-absolution bothered to address this gaping hole in the official
story.THE CIA
HAD INVESTIGATED ITSELF AND CLEARED ITSELF, and THE
PRESS WAS HAPPY TO LET THINGS STAY THAT WAY. No independent investigation was done.
The funny thing was, despite all the
furor, the facts of the story never changed, EXCEPT TO BECOME MORE
DAMNING. But the perception of them did, and in this case, that is really all that mattered. Once a story became "discredited," the
rest of the media shied away from it. Dark Alliance was
consigned to the dustbin of history, viewed as an Internet conspiracy
theory that had been thoroughly
disproved by more responsible news organizations. Why did it occur? Primarily because the series presented dangerous
ideas. It suggested that crimes of state had been committed. If the story was true, it meant the federal government
bore some responsibility,
however indirect, for the flood
of crack that coursed through black neighborhoods in the 1980s. And that is something no government can ever admit
to, particularly one that is busily
promoting a multibillion-dollar-a-year War on Drugs.
But what of the press? WHY
DID OUR FREE AND INDEPENDENT MEDIA PARTICIPATE WITH THE GOVERNMENT’S
DISINFORMATION CAMPAIGN? It
had probably as many reasons as the CIA. The Contra-drug story was something the top papers
had dismissed as sheer fantasy only a few years earlier. They had not only been wrong, they had been TERRIBLY WRONG, … Many of
the same reporters who declined to write about Contra drug trafficking in the
1980s — or wrote dismissively
about it — were trotted out
once again to do damage control.
Second, … by turning on the Mercury News, the big boys were reminding the rest of the flock who
really runs the newspaper business, Internet or no Internet, and the extends to which they will go to protect that
power, even if it meant REARRANGING REALITY TO SUIT THEM. Finally, as I discovered while
researching the book I eventually wrote
about this story,THE NATIONAL
NEWS ORGANIZATIONS HAVE HAD A LONG, DISAPPOINTING HISTORY OF PLAYING FOOTSIE
WITH THE CIA, printing
unsubstantiated agency leaks, giving agents journalistic cover, and downplaying or attacking stories and ideas damaging to
the agency. I can only speculate
as to why this occurs, but I am not
naive enough to believe it is mere coincidence. THE SCARY THING ABOUT THIS
COLLUSION BETWEEN THE PRESS AND THE POWERFUL IS THAT IT WORKS SO WELL. In this case, the government’s denials and promises to
pursue the truth didn’t work. The public didn’t accept them, for obvious
reasons, an the clamor for an independent investigation continued to
grow. But after the
government’s supposed watchdogs weighed in, public opinion became
divided and confused, the movement to force congressional hearings lost steam
and, once enough people came to believe
the stories were false or exaggerated, the
issue could safely be put back at the bottom of the dead-story pile, hopefully never to rise again.
Do we have a free press today? Sure we do. It’s free to report all the sex
scandals it wants, all the stock market news we can handle, every new health
fad that comes down the pike, and every celebrity marriage or divorce that
happens. But WHEN IT
COMES TO THE REAL DOWN AND DIRTY STUFF – stories like Tailwind, the October Surprise, the El
Mozote massacre, corporate corruption, or CIA involvement in drug trafficking
– THAT’S WHERE WE BEGIN TO SEE
THE LIMITS OF OUR FREEDOMS.
In today’s media environment, sadly, SUCH STORIES ARE NOT EVEN OPEN FOR DISCUSSION. Back in 1938, when fascism was sweeping Europe, legendary investigative
reporter George Seldes observed (in his book, The Lords of the Press)
that "IT IS
POSSIBLE TO FOOL ALL THE PEOPLE ALL THE TIME — WHEN GOVERNMENT AND PRESS
COOPERATE."
Unfortunately, WE HAVE REACHED
THAT POINT.
The Wikipedia entry below
highlights the unfairness of the disinformation campaign against Gary Webb.
According to historian Mark Fenster, the common view among
journalists and researchers who have reviewed Webb’s stories and have expertise
on the Contras and the CIA’s role in Nicaragua is that the stories … were NEITHER FALSE NOR FANTASTIC. This is true whether the commentators are sympathetic to or
critical of Webb. The historical
consensus — to the extent that such a
thing is possible concerning controversial covert operations — indicate that the basic outlines of the Mercury
News stories were largely correct. In 2006 the LA Times published The
Truth in `Dark Alliance,’ in
which L.A. Times Managing Editor Leo Wolinsky is quoted saying "in some
ways, Gary got too much blame… He
did exactly what you expect from a great investigative reporter."The article surveys mainstream reporting at the time of
Webb’s pieces and states that while … articles by the New York Times "didn’t include the success he achieved or the
wrongs he righted – and they were considerable" according to Walt Bogdanich, now a New York Times editor,
who had known Webb earlier. The LA Times piece criticizes its
own unfair portrayal of Webb — "we dropped the
ball" — and notes that "spurred on by Webb’s story, the CIA conducted
an internal investigation that acknowledged in March 1998 that THE AGENCY HAD
COVERED UP CONTRA DRUG TRAFFICKING FOR MORE THAN A DECADE " and concludes that "History
will tell if Webb receives the credit he’s due for prodding the CIA to
acknowledge its shameful collaboration with drug dealers. …
Writing in 2005 in the Chicago Tribune, about "the Dangers of Questioning Government Actions,"Don
Wycliff, the Tribune’s public editor, wrote, "I still think Gary Webb had it mostly right.
…
he got the treatment that always comes to those who dare question aloud the
bona fides of the establishment: FIRST HE GOT MISREPRESENTED – his suggestion that the CIA tolerated the Contras’
cocaine trading became an allegation that the agency itself was involved in the
drug trade. THEN HE WAS
RIDICULED AS A CONSPIRACY-MONGER."
Media Critic Norman Solomon’s analysis, "The Establishment’s Papers Do Damage Control for
the CIA," includes various corroborating evidence that A WITCH-HUNT TO
DISCREDIT WEBB was pursued MORE VIGOROUSLY THAN THE TRUTH of some of Webb’s
allegations,……
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
Below are two more examples of smear/disinformation campaigns.
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
SMEAR/DISINFORMATION:Discrediting
Catherine Austin Fitts and Community Wizard.
… ONE DAYI was a wealthy entrepreneur with a beautiful home, a
successful business and money in the bank. I had been … Assistant Secretary of Housing-Federal Housing
Commissioner during the Bush Administration. I had been invited to serve as a governor of the Federal Reserve Boardand instead started my own company in Washington,
The Hamilton Securities Group. …
One of my software tool innovations,
Community Wizard, helped
communities access data about how all the money works in their place.
Accessible through the World Wide Web, Community
Wizard was illuminating an unusual pattern of defaults on HUD mortgages
and other government and homeowner losses IN
AREAS IN WHICH THE CIA HAD ADMITTED TO FACILITATING COCAINE TRAFFICKING BY IRAN
CONTRA SUPPORTERS. … THE NEXT DAYI was hunted, living through 18 audits and
investigations andA SMEAR CAMPAIGN directed
not just at me but also at members of my family, colleagues and friends who
helped me. I believe that THE
SMEAR CAMPAIGN originated at the highest levels. …
In
late 1995, The Hamilton Securities Group began work
on Community Wizard…
Community Wizard Brochure
(Photo courtesy The Hamilton Securities Group)
…
As part of our efforts, we started to publish maps
on the Internet of defaulted HUD mortgages in places with significant defaulted
mortgage portfolios…
The Map of South Central Los Angeles, California
(Map courtesy The Hamilton Securities Group)
One of the maps we put up in the spring of 1996 showed the properties which
were financed with defaulted HUD single-family mortgages in South Central Los
Angeles, California. The map showed
significant HUD defaults and losses in the same area as the crack cocaine
epidemic described by Gary Webb in Dark Alliance. …
Real Deal News Vs Fake News By Catherine Austin Fitts
… In my specific case, The
New York Times, the Washington Post, the Washington Times and the Wall Street
Journal helped to destroy my company, my personal fortune and faciliate two and
half years of physical harrasment and survillance of me. Short and sweet, they helped to try to kill me.
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
SMEAR/DISINFORMATION: Discrediting INS agent Joe Occhipinti
Joe vs. The Volcano… and The Avalanche and The Steamroller
and The Machine and City Hall and… the CIA Drugwar.com – July, 1999
by Michael C. Ruppert
… Senior INS agent Joe Occhipinti knewthat most of the drug trafficking and money-laundering by Dominicans
in New York City relied upon … tiny
family owned markets, known as
bodegas. …
… But what hedidn’t knowas he began … approaching bodega … was that he had taken on the Democratic political
machine of New York City… andthe Central Intelligence Agency.
…
… after more than forty arrests and the seizure of more than a million dollars
in drug cash… Occhipinti was indicted on 25 counts of violating the
civil rights of 12 plaintiffs.
Occhipinti’s trial was a sham and the
abuses of law were so egregious as to arouse widespread support for the
beleaguered agent. Exclusionary rules
were ignored. Defense witnesses were intimidated… one journalist were brutally murdered [See
Archive News results for "Manuel
de Dios" Occhipinti]. Conflicts of
interest were overlooked. Perjured
affidavits were allowed…
… the civil rights violations alleged at trialdid not include A SINGLE ACT OF BRUTALITY,
VIOLENCE, CORRUPTION OR DISHONESTY. …
In June of 1991, Occhipinti was sentenced to
a 37 month prison term for civil rights violationsand thrown into a prison housing many of the Dominican drug
lords he had once investigated…
occhipinti got too close
by Preston Peet – October 18, 2000 … With 22 years of service, and 78 medals and commendations to his credit, Occhipinti was one of the highest decorated federal law
enforcement officers in US history…
On July 27th 2000, Occhipinti testified before the House Subcommittee on
Commercial and Administrative Law … A not-so-optimistic Occhipinti told the
committee, "I would like to conclude by saying we have LOST THE WAR AGAINST DRUGS… My colleagues in law enforcement tell me every day that they are more afraid of being prosecuted and railroaded
by the our Justice Department,then by putting their lives in harms
way."
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
(If this article ever gains mainstream exposure, it will be attacked in the
same aggressive manner as Gary Webb’s Dark Alliance.)
3) Spreading False Narratives
After suppressing undesirable realities through blackouts and
smear/disinformation, the media helps rewrite history, creating false
narratives friendly to the government. Crimes and suspicious events are
explained using wild stories unsupported by any evidence (ie: North
Korea is producing the “supernotes”).
After three decades as a Washington journalist, one lesson stands out almost
above all others: false
narratives get good people killed… In trying to understand what’s gone wrong with the U.S. political system
over those three decades, I have come to view the core problem as the use of mass media to inject
Americans with a SYNTHETIC REALITY that misrepresents recent history,exaggerates
external dangers andridicules
the few citizens who object.
The false narratives can establish broad
themes – such as how the Cold War was
“won” – or narrower questions – like whether Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass
destruction and planned to share them with al-Qaeda.
Though it’s easier to sell distortions about events overseas than those
closer to home, domestic false
narratives can be especially effective by concentrating derision on, say, a
dissenting politician who
speaks up at an inopportune time or
by spreading distrust of a journalist reporting an unpopular story.
… While this point about the
danger of false narratives may
seem theoretical or even esoteric to some, it is actually quite practical and immediate.
THERE IS NO MORE EFFECTIVE WAY TO
SHORT-CIRCUIT DEMOCRACY than to get large segments of the population to buy
into A MADE-UP REALITY, while keeping other citizens so uncertain of the truth THAT
THEY ARE POLITICALLY PARALYZED. …
Thanks to false narratives,
Americans keep giving the government more power to solve "problems"
largely/entirely of the government’s own making. Meanwhile, these the problems
(drugs, terrorisms, financial crises, the economy, etc…) continue to grown
worse…
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
FALSE NARRATIVE: The threat of the Soviet-juggernaut.
Below is the second half of the Robert Parry’s article, which explains how the
justification for the CIA’s anticommunist activities, including the Nicaragua
contra insurgency,was artificially manufactured.
…
At the time [1976], CIA analysts
were detecting deepening economic troubles and technological failures
inside the Soviet Union.One senior CIA officer told me that the agency’s best assets in Moscow were describing A
DYSFUNCTIONAL SYSTEM SLIDING TOWARD COLLAPSE. … in defiance of the CIA’s evidence, “Team B” reached AN ALARMIST CONCLUSION ON SOVIET
CAPABILITIES AND INTENT, a view that was then popularized by the influential
Committee on the Present Danger.They warned of a “window of
vulnerability” through which the Soviets could launch an annihilating first strike or blackmail the United
States into surrender. … By the 1980s, after Ronald Reagan’s
election, many young neocons – the
likes of Elliott Abrams and Robert Kagan – were getting credentialed into the U.S. government. Meanwhile, at CIA, hard-line Cold Warrior, Director
William Casey, and his deputy, Robert Gates, were PURGING THE OLD ANALYSTS WHO KEPT SEEING SIGNS
OF SOVIET DECLINE. The preferred narrative was
that the Soviet juggernaut,
which was supposedly encircling the United States, requireda massive U.S. military build-up
combined with SUPPORT FOR
BRUTAL RIGHT-WING REGIMES AND INSTIGATION OF ANTICOMMUNIST INSURGENCIES AROUND
THE WORLD.
So … the Reagan administration also backed“death squad” regimes in Guatemala and El Salvador,TERRORIST-STYLE
INSURGENCIES IN NICARAGUA AND ANGOLA, and Islamic fundamentalists
in Afghanistan …
As the Soviet Union continued its
decline through the 1980s, the Reagan administration kept its eyes wide
shut. The housebroken CIA
analytical division knew better than to continue challenging the Soviet-juggernaut narrative. Ironically, when the Soviet empire
broke apart from 1989 to 1991, the CIA analysts came in for ridicule for
“missing” the Soviet collapse.
… the accepted narrative essentiallyJUSTIFIED
ALL THE CARNAGE AND CORRUPTION AS ESSENTIAL TO VICTORY. …
IMPLICATIONS:The
CIA “anti-communist” campaign (death squads, etc…) in the 1980s was never
about fighting communism. It was done for some other purpose.
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
Below is an example of how many false narratives can be found in a single news
report on a serious subject.
Foxnews – We Tolerate The Cultivation Of Opium Poppies
Geraldo Rivera talks to troops in Afganistan about the cultivation of opium
poppies for C.I.A. black operations.
Geraldo
Rivera — “The marines brilliantly executed the invaded of… this town in
the middle of HELMAND province… the hard part now is governing this province …
A province that has become addicted to opium in many, many ways. That is the
principle crop that is being grown here. The Taliban lend the farmers
the money. They are indebted to the Taliban. They have to grow the
opium…”
Geraldo Rivera — “Now the population … have these opium fields they
have these opium fields, and we are tolerating it… We are tolerating the
cultivation of the opium because we know that if we were to destroy it now, the
population would turn against the marines and it would be a real security risk”
Geraldo
Rivera — “Let me introduce Lieutenant Colonel Bryan Christmas. … I know
that you care deeply about this contradiction, the fact that here
you have one of the best fighting forces in the world ever mounted and, in a
sense, you are watching as opium is being grown.”
Lt.
Col. Bryan Christmas — “Frankly, it’s part of their culture. It’s
what they do. We provide them security. We provide them resources…”
Geraldo
Rivera — “I fault the politicians for putting them in this position…
where we can’t eradicate these crops for security reasons”
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
FALSE NARRATIVE: Afghan opium production is nothing more than a
“human interest” story (how marines "care deeply about this
contradiction")
THE REALITY: Afghan opium
production is an incredibly important issue with direct impact on the lives of
millions of Americans.
NOT MENTIONED: The US soldiers are helping produce most of the
world’s heroin. (the word "heroin" is mentioned only once in the
fox news report)
FACTBOX-Key
facts and figures about Afghanistan 18 Jul 2010
…
* AFGHANISTAN PRODUCES 92 PERCENT OF THE
WORLD’S OPIUM, a thick paste from poppy USED TO MAKE HEROIN,according to the latest U.N. Office on Drugs and
Crime report.
Afghan opium feeding Europe, Russia, Iran addicts Center for Defense Information – Dec 2, 2001
By Michelle Nichols
UNITED NATIONS (Reuters) – …Heroin and opium cause up to 100,000 deaths a year and are helping spread HIV at an unprecedented rate, the [U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime] report found.
…
NOT MENTIONED: Afghanistan’s opium/heroin production
is
skyrocketing.
Afghanistan’s disturbing poppy explosion / U.N. says nation tops
Colombia as capital of illicit narcotics San Francisco Chronicle – Nov 19,
2004
By Colin Freeman,
Kabul, Afghanistan — … a report by the United Nations … says production of opium and its derivative, HEROIN, HAS
ROCKETED TO NEAR RECORD LEVELS.
… AFGHANISTAN HAS SURPASSED COLOMBIA AS THE
WORLD’S BIGGEST GROSS PRODUCER OF ILLICIT NARCOTICS…
Heroin From Afghanistan Is Cutting A Deadly Path It’s potent and cheap, and pouring into the U.S., so
warnings go out. Los Angeles Times - Dec 26, 2006
By Garrett Therolf SUPPLIES OF HIGHLY POTENT AFGHAN HEROIN IN
THE UNITED STATES ARE GROWING so fast that the pure white powder is rapidly
overtaking lower-quality Mexican heroin, prompting fears of
increased addiction and overdoses.
Heroin-related deaths in Los Angeles County soared
from 137 in 2002 to 239 in 2005, A JUMP OF NEARLY 75% IN THREE
YEARS…, experts said.
… "The rise of heroin FROM AFGHANISTAN is
our biggest rising threat in the fight against narcotics,"
said Orange County sheriff’s spokesman Jim Amormino. "We are seeing more seizures and more
overdoses."
According to a Drug Enforcement Administration report obtained by The Times, Afghanistan’s poppy fields have become the
fastest-growing source of heroin in the United States. Its share
of the U.S. market doubled … to 14% in 2004 … Another DEA report, released in
October, said the 14% actually could be
SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER.
… Not only is more heroin being produced from
Afghan poppies coming into the United States, it is also THE
PUREST IN THE WORLD, according to the DEA’s National Drug
Intelligence Center.
… This potent heroin, which the
DEA says sells for about $90 a gram in Southern California, has prompted warnings from some officials who deal with
addicts… An unexpectedly powerful bundle of heroin … can be deadly. … The Department of Homeland Security … reported skyrocketing numbers of seizures of heroin arriving at
U.S. airports and seaports from India,… a major transshipment point for Afghan drugs. The seizure of heroin packages from India increased
from zero in 2003 to 433 in 2005 — MORE THAN 80 PERCENT OF TOTAL HEROIN MAIL SEIZURES THAT
YEAR. … "There is a different kind of heroin
now," said Eric Wade, a 32-year-old recovering addict in
Portland, Ore. "It is very, very strong,
and it is cheaper than the other stuff.…” …
America’s Growing Heroin Problem Fast Company – May 25, 2010
BY Cliff Kuang
Heroin is, apparently, roaring
back to life in America. …
… To start with, HEROIN REALLY
IS KILLING MORE AND MORE PEOPLE ACROSS THE U.S.… Andthe
numbers… suggest A MASSIVE INFLUX OF PURER VERSIONS OF THE
DRUG: …
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
FALSE NARRATIVE: it’s part of their culture. It’s what they do.
THE REALITY:Justifying
Alfganistan’s opium cultivation by saying it is “part of their culture” is very
misleading. The opium poppy had been cultivated for centuries in virtually every
country between Bulgaria and China.
… In the case of opium, the opium poppy (Papaver
somniferum) had been cultivated for centuries in virtually every country between Bulgaria and China,including
Pakistan, Burma, Laos, India and Afghanistan. …
So why does Alfganistan produce so much compared to all the
other countries with an opium history? Well, if you remember from John
Stockwell’s article above, it was Afganistan, not Nicaragua, which was the
largest CIA covert operation in the 1980s.
First Published 2009-10-30 Brought to You by CIA : America’s Drug Crisis
…
AN
INTEGRAL part ofCIA intervention in
Afghanistan in the 1980s was a huge increase in the production of opium and
heroin. …
… AFGHAN OPIUM PRODUCTION TRIPLED
BETWEEN 1979 AND 1982. … by 1981 the
Afghan heroin producers had captured 60 percent of the heroin market in
Western Europe and the United States (these are UN and DEA
figures).
… by 1994,Afghanistan had surpassed Burma
as the world’s number one supplier of raw opium. …
Before the CIA’s covert war against the Soviets, Afghanistan produced little of
the world’s opium.
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
FALSE NARRATIVE: The Taliban make the farmers grow the opium and
use profits for terrorism.
Taliban’s
Ban On Poppy A Success, U.S. Aides Say
By BARBARA CROSSETTE
Published: May 20, 2001
UNITED NATIONS, May 18 — The first American narcotics experts to go to
Afghanistan under Taliban rule have concluded that the movement’s ban on opium-poppy cultivation appears to
have WIPED OUT THE WORLD’S LARGEST CROP IN LESS THAN A YEAR,
officials said today.
…
The sudden turnaround … left international drug
experts stunned when reports of NEAR-TOTAL ERADICATION BEGAN TO COME IN
EARLIER THIS YEAR…
…
At the State Department, James P. Callahan … described … how the Taliban had applied and enforced the ban. …”the Taliban used a system of
consensus-building.”
They framed the ban ”in very religious terms,” citing
Islamic prohibitions against drugs, and that made it hard to defy…
… farmers said they would rather starve than
return to poppy cultivation — and
some of them will, experts say. …
Google Archive News results for Taliban
Ban opium production
Opium production in HELMAND province (2001 vs today)
(Fox video above is from Helmand province)
… The Taliban’s ban on farming the opium
poppy before the US invasion was so effective, that
HELMAND province recorded no opium cultivation in the 2001.…
UN Horrified By Surge in
Opium Trade in Helmand
Despite 7,000 UK troops, Taliban-backed production up 48%. Buzzle – Aug 27, 2007 … The record crop was fuelled by HELMAND, where,despite
the deployment of 7,000 British soldiers and millions of pounds
in development spending, opium cultivation
surged by 48%.[Afghanistan’s “record opium production” is not happening
in Taliban controlled provinces. It is happening in US and British controlled
provinces.]
Afghanistan:
Heroin producer to the world Last Updated July 5, 2007 … In its massive 2007 World Drug Report, the UN agency says there is strong evidence of a downward trend … in the production of the world’s most popular illicit
drugsWITH ONE NOTABLE EXCEPTION —
HEROIN, most of it flowing FROM ONE OUT-OF-CONTROL PROVINCE IN SOUTHERN AFGHANISTAN.
…
IMPLICATIONS:If the
Taliban really are using heroin profits to buy all the
rocket-propelled-grenades and explosives (which are killing US soldiers), why
are we helping them grow all these poppies for “security reasons”?
vvvvvvvvvvvvv
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
FALSE NARRATIVE: "we can’t eradicate these crops for
security reasons"
IVANOV: Breaking the heroin-terror connection
Joint Russia-U.S. initiative can eradicate opium that funds extremists Washington Times - Oct
20, 2010 By Victor Ivanov
… Among NATO countries, civilian deaths
from a heroin overdose are 50 times the number of military casualtiesin the alliance operation in Afghanistan. AFGHAN HEROIN EVENTUALLY ENDS UP IN THE UNITED STATES
- RUINING LIVES, DEVASTATING AMERICAN
FAMILIES.
…
Early on in their Afghan campaign, the United
States and NATO made a decision not to use aerial spraying to eradicate
opium plantations.That was based on the assumption that it
would alienate the local population. WE
CANNOT CONSIDER THE ARGUMENT-
that the poppy fields are a vital economic alternative for Afghan farmers, who
otherwise would remain without means of livelihood and would fall easy prey to
extremists – TO BE CONVINCING, MORAL OR EVEN
ACCURATE.
Recent reports by the U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime indicate THE VAST MAJORITY OF AFGHAN FARMERS GROW SOMETHING OTHER
THAN POPPIES.Just 6.4 percent
of the total population…is
involved in poppy cultivation.…
Moscow
furious, says US not pushing drug war in Afghanistan Christian Science Monitor -
May 19, 2010
By Fred Weir, Correspondent
Moscow — … "OK, we differ over whether to destroy poppy plantations,"
Ivanov says, "but why doesn’t NATO
target the laboratories? There are more
than 200 giant laboratories in the Afghan mountains, which
produce MORE AND MORE CONCENTRATED DRUGS, and THEY ARE NOT
TOUCHED. Our conclusion is that THERE
IS NO STRUGGLE AGAINST DRUG PRODUCTION GOING ON AT ALL." …
In 1934, the Gold Reserve Act established the Exchange Stabilization Fund (ESF) and gave it the unreviewable authority to engage in covert actions in international finance to “stabilizing the foreign exchange value of the dollar.” The fraud described above is simply the ESF doing exactly what it was designed to do: stabilizing the value of the dollar through covert actions.
… By establishing the ESF, section 20 of the Gold Reserve Act gave the secretary of the treasury, … the ability to intervene in foreign exchange markets and make loans aimed at "STABILIZING THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE VALUE OF THE DOLLAR." …
… As one journalist put it, "The only limitation [on ESF spending]has been the sitting Treasury Secretary’s imagination." A series of secretaries tapped the ESF to pay the salaries of Central Intelligence Agency … Apparently, spending for ANY PURPOSE REMOTELY RELATED TO THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE VALUE OF THE DOLLAR WAS CONSIDERED LEGITIMATE. …
… the ESF… undermines the separation of powers. … In fact, the Gold Reserve Act itself is of questionable constitutionality,because it gives to the executive branch UNREVIEWABLE AUTHORITY TO ENGAGE IN COVERT ACTIONS IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE …
Foreign aid has rarely drawn much support in the United States. As a consequence, administrations have attempted to avoid approaching Congressfor appropriations for such ventures –THE IRAN-CONTRA SCHEME being a recent extreme example. The ESF has been A SOURCE OF FUNDS FOR DISCRETIONARY EXECUTIVE BRANCH SPENDING, THE LIKES OF WHICH CONGRESS SOUGHT TO PREVENT. …
Simple isn’t it? The Exchange Stabilization Fund has been running the US’s “black budget” since before the CIA existed. It shouldn’t be surprising to see covert (ESF/CIA) operations designed at “stabilizing the dollar”.
FRAUD DRIVEN BY DESPERATION, NOT PROFITS
A common mistake in reaction to all the fraud going on is thinking that it is motivated by profits (ie: greed on Wall Street). This is equivalent of looking at how handsomelyMadoff’s auditorsprofited from the Ponzi scheme and concluding that the whole thing was motivated by their greed. Of course, this is wrong. The Ponzi scheme was motivated by Madoff’s desperation to avoid going to jail for the rest of his life, and the auditors were simply being bribed. This is what is happening today.
While hundreds of people on Wall Street, in the media, and elsewhere are profiting for their roles in deceiving Americans and the world, this profiting should be regarded as "bribes" for participating in the government’s own massive fraud. The underlying reason for everything is the government’s desire to prevent inflation (which its deficits should be causing).
“Greedy bankers” aren’t corrupting Washington. Washington iscorrupting (bribing) “greedy bankers”. This anonymous comment from the web sums up the situation nicely.
The system is corrupted and corrupting.It is not reasonable, let alone realistic, to expect saints or martyrs, so to speak, to materialize in sufficient numbers to turn the tide. The system itself is so degenerate, so perverted, top to bottom, that it will never reform itself willingly or voluntarily, especially if the money holds up tolerably well. There is far too much in the way of vested interests, both material and psychological, for the system to face the truth (assuming it even could) and act accordingly. Lies beget more lies, and fraud begets more fraud. The system, I’m afraid, has gone past the point of no return. It must keep the game going at all costs…
NOTHING NEEDS TO BE DONE
All ponzi schemes eventually collapse under their own weight once they reach maximum damage. For example, Madoff’s fraud ended by itself when he finally ran out of money. Efforts to "stabilize the dollar" have reached this point.
IT WILL END IN A DISCONNECT
This is critical to realize. The ESF’s “dollar stabilization” is the same type of fraud as Madoff’s ponzi scheme ("delay the day of reckoning"-type) and it will end the same way. There will be a day where the ESF finally “gives up”. The markets will freeze (a big “bank holiday”), and, once people understand what is going on, the dollar will be worthless.
By the time a Ponzi scheme is "officially confirmed", it is too late to do anything about it.
About The Fallout
James B. Thomson offers a good explanation about System Stability which gives an idea of what must happen when deficits start mattering again…
… the absence of small earthquakes along a fault line … allows stress to build upand thereby increases the probability that a major quake eventually will occur. Small quakes, like self-correcting market forces, relieve the pressures that accumulate over time. Suppression of these forces through regulatory interference allows the pressure to rise and increases THE MAGNITUDE AND VIOLENCE OF THE RESULTING ADJUSTMENT. …
The US has been suppressed “self-correcting market forces” for decades, with the hidden damage of each federal deficits slowly accumulating. The magnitude and violence of the adjustment back to reality will be a thing of legend…
Prior to 1980, the world was simple and it made sense. When the government
ran deficits, the Federal Reserve then would print money to pay for them. This
money printing would cause inflation, and inflation would push up interest
rates. The whole process was captured in the simple equation below.
In the graphs below, you can clearly see the link between Federal deficits, money
supply growth, inflation, and higher interest rates.
Deficits = Money Printing
Money Printing = INFLATION
INFLATION = HIGHER INTEREST RATESDeficits = INFLATION
This final graph shows the link between government deficits and inflation
pre1980. The surge in inflation after each major deficit is crystal
clear.
The relationship between deficits was well understood
Dollar’s
Convertibility into Gold Could Be Restored, But…
Evening Independent – Google News Archive -
Mar 12, 1980
DR. RONALD CAIROLL
President Franklin Roosevelt started the
uncontrolled expansion of your money supply in March 1933 when
he ended the convertibility of your dollars into gold. Seven presidents, Democrats
and Republicans, continued this policy with minor modifications. They and a succession of Congresses gave you the present
inflation.
An ounce of gold cost $20 in 1933.
Its price recently fluctuated between $888 and $620 and averaged about $700.
…
Before 1933, our government was trying to run A SOLVENT
OPERATION. Its aim was a balanced budget. Deficit financing was not its standard operating
procedure. It did not print money to cover deficits. Its loans were repaid from surpluses of subsequent budgets.
Between 1921 and 1930, these surpluses averaged $800-million annually. The
government’s debt, which in 1920, after World War I, was $14.1 billion, in 1930
had been reduced to $16.2 billion. You had no
reason to doubt the prudence of our government or the soundness of the dollar.
Few of you ever went to the Fed to exchange your currency into gold.
But, during the 47 years since 1933, our
government’s budgets had surpluses during only seven years.During
40 years, its budgets were in the red. During the
last 10 years alone, the federal budget deficits totaled $354-billion.
The federal debt, which in 1930 was $16-billion, is approaching $900-billion. GROWTH OF THE MONEY SUPPLY PARALLELED THE RISE IN THE DEBT.About a year ago, our government found itself in
the embarrassing position that its checks would have bounced, if Congress had
not quickly raised its debt ceiling — then to $830-billion.
…
The Free World’s gold supply is stable — about 32-million ounces annually. When the amount of dollars RISES EVERY YEAR, the consequence is INEVITABLE. The
dollar’s value must fall against the price of gold. …
Shifting
Policies Have Sometimes Deepened Unemployment, Heightened inflation
Lakeland Ledger – Google News Archive -
May 11, 1980
By EDWARD COWAN
In the view entertained by Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, many other
politicians, and many voters, EVERY DEFICIT IS
INFLATIONARY. …
…
In the 1970’s, … inflation has been driven largely
by … THE PERSISTENCE OF FEDERAL
DEFICITS. …
The Old Politics Of Inflation
The connection between deficits and inflation is what shaped the debate about
deficits in the pre1980. On one hand you hand pressures from every direction
for government spending, and on the other you hand you had the serious danger
of inflation forcing restraint. Below are two of many articles demonstrating
this painful political balancing act.
Pressures for government spending VS the serious danger of inflation
Spenders
AllMontreal Gazette – Google News Archive – Nov
10, 1958
President Eisenhower’s main declaration
after the defeat of his party in the mid-term elections was that he would fight THE INFLATION THAT COMES THROUGH TOO
MUCH GOVERNMENT SPENDING. He will take his stand against the
spenders. “The Lord sparing me,” he said, “I
am going to fight this as hard as I know.”
It is, in every way, a worthy declaration. But the difficulty is that his own record in office is one of big spending and heavy
deficits —
THE SORT OF
FINANCING THAT HAS MADE FOR INFLATION. The current fiscal year
will likely end with a deficit not less than $13 billion.
…
Nobody questions the sincerity of the President’s declarations regarding
economy. He is convinced that HEAVY
GOVERNMENT SPENDING IS HELPING TO RUIN EVERYBODY’S DOLLARS. But
the very fact that a man with such convictions has been able to do so little to
curtail spending and deficits gives cause for wondering
President Eisenhower, like the heads of so
many nations in the world, finds that the
pressures for spending come from so many peoples and groups that it is
politically impossible to refuse them. If too many people find
the government cutting down on their requests for this or for that, they may
always turn to other parties that offer be more obliging. Not even the free
spending of the Eisenhower regime satisfied the feeling of many voters that
they might get even more from the Democrats
It is not only that President Eisenhower is bewildered by such pressures. The
Canadian Minister of National Revenue, Hon George Nowlan, said not long ago
that he feels the pressures from every
direction for government spending, but does
not find many people who are eager to ask for less.
The same remark, in almost the same words, was macic by Rt. Hon J. L Jisley. at
the time when he was Minister Finance. He once said that he thought was the
only person interested in economy. Every plea
he ever heard was more and more spending.Why is it, then, that
people keep making these demands upon governments, WHEN THEY KNOW THAT
THEY ARE WEAKEN THE BUYING POWER OF THEIR DOLLARS WHEN THEY DO SO?
Spokesman-Review – Google News Archive – Oct
8, 1967
JOSEPH KRAFF
WASHINGTON —
Watching the last inning of the first game of the World Series,
President Johnson pulled from his pocket a slip of paper showing the steady rise of interest rates over the last year.
That slip of paper expresses THE TRUE MEANING
OF THE FIGHT IN THE CONGRESS OVER THE PRESIDENT’S PROPOSED TAX INCREASE.
Basically, the Republicans are trying to delay action on the program to the
point that assures a stiff dose of inflation
certain to be blamed on the Democrats.
To understand what this is all about, it is first necessary to develop a sense
of the way the country lines up around the proposal for a tax increase. The overwhelming evidence is that most of the country is
bitterly against the tax rise.The one big exception is the business
community. Having been won
over to the new economics in the last few years,
business
leaders have declared themselves almost UNANIMOUS FOR HIGHER TAXES AS AN
ANTI-INFLATIONARY MEASURE.
In this situation, the tax increase proposal presented a real danger to the
Republicans. …
… the Republican leadership in the House developed the strategy of linking support for the tax increase with action by the
administration to cut back spending on a massive scale. Thus the
Dartmouth College wing of the party could come out for the tax increase
provided the administration agreed to pare
down spending by from $5 to $7 billion.
…
In the long run, the administration is likely to get a tax increase without drastic cuts in
expenditures. The SERIOUS DANGER OF INFLATION
MAKES A COMPELLING CASE.
…
They [Republicans] are beginning to tick of
more in sorrow than in anger the numerous
warnings they have issued to the administration on the matter of inflation. In a major floor speech late Tuesday, John
Byrnes of Wisconsin, the minority spokesman on taxes in the House, listed
laborious detail five such occasions running from February 1966 through June
1667.
Behind this emphasis is an obvious tactic. The Republicans believe they can now
head off a tax increase until next year. By
that time it will probably be TOO LATE TO DAMP DOWN INFLATIONARY FORCES.
And so Republicans are getting ready to tag the
Democrats with blame for THE HEAVY DOSE OF INFLATION that is on the way.
Notice how everyone back in 1967 knew that deficits had an immediate,
real cost. There was none of this nonsense of “passing the cost to future
generation”. The price of excessive federal spending was pay by the dollar’s loss
of purchasing power over the subsequent 2 to 3 years.
THEN
IT GOT BETTER — MAGICALLY
After 1980, the old, common sense formula underwent a drastic change:
Although the inflation and interest rates came down, the first part
of the formula remained the same. The government never stopped printing
money to finance its massive deficits.
Money Printing = NO INFLATION?
What did change was that this money printing started producing much, much less
inflation, as seen below.
NO INFLATION? = LOWER INTEREST RATES?
The NEW Politics Of Inflation
Once the one restraining force on budget deficits was removed, the
threat of inflation, the results were predictable. Budget deficits exploded
beyond imagination…
Pressures for government spending VS no cost whatsoever
These massive deficits, combined with an apparent lack of consequences, slowly gave
rise to the idea that, “deficits don’t matter.”
The Matter Is: Do Deficits Matter?
The
matter is: Do deficits matter?
It’s a question that affects interest
rates, taxes and budgets, and isn’t easily answeredMilwaukee Journal – Google News Archive -
Aug 28, 1983
By Jane Seaberry
WASHINGTON, D.C — …DO DEFICITS MATTER?
…
It is a problem because if deficits do
matter, … it could lead to higher
interest rates …
compelling Congress and the
administration to do something about it.
…
IF DEFICITS DON’T MATTER and don’t necessarily raise interest rates, as
some in the administration maintain, then there
is NO PRESSURE FOR TAX INCREASES.
… After initially saying deficits do matter,TREASURY
NOW SAYS THERE IS NO DEFINITE LINK BETWEEN LARGE DEFICITS AND HIGH INTEREST
RATES.
Deficits
don’t matter? NonsenseMilwaukee Journal – Google News Archive -
Jan 28, 1989
Can it be that federal budget deficits aren’t very
harmful after all?Some unorthodox
economists, along with certain leaders of the financial
community, are starting to suggest that
possibility. They note that
the
economy has experienced six straight years of growth even as the government has
piled up one large deficit after another.
…
Deficits obviously will not always lead to a recession. Experience has established that red-ink spending
— up to a point, at least — can stimulate
economic growth. And
it is
widely conceded that a certain level of public debt can be tolerated
indefinitely.
Moreover, it is even proper to pass
along some of the costs of government … TO
THE NEXT GENERATION through deficit financing.
…
Wow, isn’t that amazing? After 1980, politicians no longer had to agonize over
painful budget decisions: the US could now just print money all the money it
wanted without consequences! Our dollar would stay levitating in the air,
defying the laws of supply and demand, while the consequence of massive federal
spending were passed on to some distant unnamed “next generation.”
IT’S MAGIC!
Ask any good magician how he makes his assistant levitate in
the air, and he will tell you there is explanation to it. It simply is. If
point out he is defying the laws of gravity and there has to be a trick behind
it, he will tell you “it’s magic”.Well, it is the same here too.
There is no official explanation to why
deficits and money printing stopped causing inflation. The treasury’s
position on the matter is simply that “deficits don’t matter.” They used to
cause inflation, and now they don’t. Never mind that this defies all laws of
economics and common sense. IT’S MAGIC.
Now, maybe this is acceptable to some people. Perhaps it is possible an
educated adult to believe “everything
magically got better” and still have some self-respect. I
meant really, if someone thinks Santa Clause is real and that UFOs are “out
there”, who am I to judge?
As for me, I DON’T believe in magic. There
ain’t no such thing as a free lunch. When someone like Madoff promises us
something that seems too good to be true, it probably is. So rather than
accepting the treasury’s “deficits don’t matter”, my reaction is to suspect
fraud. MASSIVE, MULTI-DECADE MADOFF-STYLE FRAUD.
…
Schools of Thought on inflation
…
The more money these deficits created,the lower was its value. The less it was worth, the more
severe was the inflation.
The law of supply
and demand made this inevitable.